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Shloka 48

Mohinī’s Speech

Mohinyāḥ Bhāṣaṇam

धर्मांगदे पालयाने कथं त्वं वीक्षसेऽधुना । परित्यज्य प्रियासौख्यं कीनाश इव दुर्बलः ॥ ४८ ॥

dharmāṃgade pālayāne kathaṃ tvaṃ vīkṣase'dhunā | parityajya priyāsaukhyaṃ kīnāśa iva durbalaḥ || 48 ||

โอ้ ธรรมางคทะ บัดนี้ท่านมองเรื่องนี้อย่างไร? ละทิ้งความสุขสบายของผู้เป็นที่รัก แล้วกลับอ่อนแรงดุจชาวนาผู้น่าเวทนาได้อย่างไร?

धर्मांगदेO Dharmāṅgada
धर्मांगदे:
सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-अङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक); धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन — ‘O Dharmāṅgada’
पालयानेwhile ruling/protecting
पालयाने:
अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपालय (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-आधार; √पाल् ‘to protect’ + णिच्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन — ‘in/while ruling (protecting)’ (locative of action/state)
कथम्how
कथम्:
प्रश्न (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb) — ‘how?’
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — ‘you’
वीक्षसेyou look/see
वीक्षसे:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वीक्ष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद — ‘you see/you look’
अधुनाnow
अधुना:
कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधुना (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb) — ‘now’
परित्यज्यhaving abandoned
परित्यज्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√त्यज् (धातु) उपसर्ग: परि-
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive) — ‘having abandoned’
प्रियासौख्यम्beloved comfort/pleasure
प्रियासौख्यम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय-सौख्य (प्रातिपदिक); प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक) + सौख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन — ‘dear/pleasant happiness’
कीनाशःa farmer
कीनाशः:
उपमान (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootकीनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — ‘a farmer/ploughman’
इवlike
इव:
उपमा (Comparison marker/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison) — ‘like/as’
दुर्बलःweak
दुर्बलः:
विशेषण (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — ‘weak’ (agreeing with त्वम्)

Unspecified (dialogue voice addressing Dharmāṅgada within the narrative of Book 2, Adhyaya 17)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: hasya

D
Dharmāṅgada

FAQs

It highlights the tension between duty (pālana/dharma) and attachment to personal comfort, urging steadiness and inner strength rather than collapsing into weakness after renouncing pleasures.

By implying that giving up comforts is not enough; devotion and dharma require firm resolve—otherwise renunciation becomes mere weakness instead of a disciplined offering of one’s life to higher purpose.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught directly; the verse is primarily a dharma-centered admonition about conduct, resolve, and the ethics of responsibility.