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Shloka 5

The Description of the Glory of Dvādaśī

अज्ञातं पातकं शुष्कं ज्ञातं चार्द्रमुदाहृतम् । भाव्यं वाप्यथवातीतं वर्तमानं वदस्व नः ॥ ५ ॥

ajñātaṃ pātakaṃ śuṣkaṃ jñātaṃ cārdramudāhṛtam | bhāvyaṃ vāpyathavātītaṃ vartamānaṃ vadasva naḥ || 5 ||

บาปที่ทำโดยไม่รู้เรียกว่า “แห้ง” ส่วนบาปที่ทำโดยรู้ตัวเรียกว่า “ชื้น” (ติดแน่น); ขอท่านจงกล่าวแก่เราด้วยถึงบาปที่ยังมาไม่ถึง ที่ล่วงไปแล้ว และที่เป็นอยู่ในปัจจุบัน

अज्ञातम्unknown
अज्ञातम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातु) + नञ् + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formनञ्-पूर्वक भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular) (पातकम् विशेषण)
पातकम्sin
पातकम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपातक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
शुष्कम्dry
शुष्कम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुष्क (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular) (पातकम् विशेषण)
ज्ञातम्known
ज्ञातम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
आर्द्रम्wet
आर्द्रम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
उदाहृतम्is declared/called
उदाहृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); ‘is said/called’
भाव्यम्future (to be)
भाव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootभू (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
Formभाव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (future passive participle/gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-भावार्थक अव्यय (also/even)
अथवाor else
अथवा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or else)
अतीतम्past
अतीतम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति-इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
वर्तमानम्present (ongoing)
वर्तमानम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकालिक कृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)
वदस्वtell (me/us)
वदस्व:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
नःto us
नः:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी/षष्ठी (4th/6th Dative/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural) सर्वनाम; enclitic (context: ‘to us’)

Disciples/seekers addressing the teacher (in the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue frame)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: jijñāsā (inquisitive/śānta-leaning)

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It distinguishes moral weight by intention: wrongdoing done knowingly is more binding and spiritually “sticky,” while unintentional fault is lighter—prompting careful self-awareness and appropriate purification.

By stressing accountability and inner intention, it supports bhakti as a sincere, conscious turning toward dharma; deliberate sin obstructs devotion more strongly than inadvertent error, so a devotee cultivates vigilance and repentance.

It aligns with Dharma-śāstra style reasoning used in ritual decision-making: intention (saṅkalpa) affects the gravity of fault and thus the kind of prayāścitta (expiation) prescribed—an applied, procedural logic often used alongside Kalpa traditions.