Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 116
गङ्गामाहात्म्य — The Greatness of the Gaṅgā
Devanagari script
यस्त्वधर्मेषु निरतः सर्वलोकविरोधकृत् । तं रिपुं परमं विद्याच्छास्त्राणामेष निर्णयः ॥ ११६ ॥
Transliteration
yastvadharmeṣu nirataḥ sarvalokavirodhakṛt | taṃ ripuṃ paramaṃ vidyācchāstrāṇāmeṣa nirṇayaḥ || 116 ||
Translation
แต่ผู้ใดหมกมุ่นในอธรรมและประพฤติขัดแย้งต่อชนทั้งปวง พึงรู้ผู้นั้นว่าเป็นศัตรูสูงสุด; นี่คือข้อวินิจฉัยแห่งคัมภีร์ศาสตรา.
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun
तुbut/indeed
तु:
निपात (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात-अव्यय)
अधर्मेषुin unrighteous acts
अधर्मेषु:
अधिकरण (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
निरतःengaged/intent
निरतः:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-रम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय) / निरत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast participial adjective (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
सर्वलोकविरोधकृत्one who opposes all people/worlds
सर्वलोकविरोधकृत्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व + लोक + विरोध + कृत् (प्रातिपदिक-समूह; कृ धातु-निष्पन्न ‘कृत्’)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); compound adjective qualifying यः
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
रिपुम्enemy
रिपुम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); predicate object with विद्यात्
परमम्supreme/most (as)
परमम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies रिपुम्
विद्यात्should know/recognize
विद्यात्:
क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
शास्त्राणाम्of the scriptures
शास्त्राणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
एषःthis
एषः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
निर्णयःdecision/conclusion
निर्णयः:
प्रत्यय-सम्बन्ध (Predicate nominative/प्रथमा)
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्णय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Narratorial/authoritative voice (śāstra statement)
Vrata Kalpa
Vrata: none
Verse Rasa
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: raudra
Characters & Entities
A
adharma (unrighteousness)R
ripu (enemy)S
sarvaloka (all people/the world)Ś
śāstra (treatises/authoritative texts)FAQs