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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 45

Anadhyaya and the Winds: From Vedic Recitation Protocol to Sanatkumara’s Moksha-Upadesha

मानुष्यमसुखं प्राप्य यः सज्जति स मुह्यति । नालं स दुःखमोक्षाय संगो वै दुःखलक्षणः ॥ ४५ ॥

mānuṣyamasukhaṃ prāpya yaḥ sajjati sa muhyati | nālaṃ sa duḥkhamokṣāya saṃgo vai duḥkhalakṣaṇaḥ || 45 ||

เมื่อได้ภพมนุษย์อันหาได้ยากและเต็มไปด้วยทุกข์แล้ว ผู้ใดกลับยึดติดผูกพัน ผู้นั้นย่อมหลงผิด เขาไม่เหมาะแก่การพ้นทุกข์ เพราะความยึดติดนั่นเองคือเครื่องหมายแห่งทุกข์.

मानुष्यम्human state/birth
मानुष्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
असुखम्unhappy, full of suffering
असुखम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण qualifying ‘मानुष्यम्’
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal), ‘having obtained’
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
सज्जतिclings, becomes attached
सज्जति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसञ्ज् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
मुह्यतिis deluded
मुह्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootमुह् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Negation particle)
अलम्sufficient, capable
अलम्:
Prayojana/Upapada (उपपद-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअलम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle), ‘sufficient/fit’ (often with dative)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
दुःखमोक्षायfor liberation from suffering
दुःखमोक्षाय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख + मोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘release from suffering’)
सङ्गःattachment, association
सङ्गः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
वैindeed
वै:
Nipata (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (emphatic particle)
दुःखलक्षणःmarked by suffering
दुःखलक्षणः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख + लक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); बहुव्रीहि (‘having suffering as its mark’) qualifying ‘सङ्गः’

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on Moksha-Dharma)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

FAQs

It identifies saṅga (clinging attachment) as the defining symptom of duḥkha and teaches that freedom from sorrow requires loosening attachment, cultivating vairāgya and clarity for mokṣa.

It indirectly supports bhakti by warning against binding attachments; bhakti in the Narada Purana is meant to be oriented to the Supreme (especially Viṣṇu) rather than to transient objects—turning saṅga into single-pointed devotion that purifies and frees.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is ethical-spiritual discipline—reducing saṅga through daily discernment and renunciation as preparation for mokṣa.