Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 94

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

तद्गुमज्या त्रिजिवाप्ता तञ्चापं क्रांतिरुच्यते । ग्रहं संशोध्य मंदोञ्चत्तथा शीघ्नाद्विशोध्य च ॥ ९४ ॥

Transliteration

tadgumajyā trijivāptā tañcāpaṃ krāṃtirucyate | grahaṃ saṃśodhya maṃdoñcattathā śīghnādviśodhya ca || 94 ||

Translation

เมื่อได้ ‘กุมชยา’ ร่วมกับรัศมี (ตรีชิวา) แล้ว จะได้ส่วนโค้ง; ส่วนโค้งนั้นเรียกว่า ‘กรานติ’ ของดาวเคราะห์ จากนั้นจึงชำระตำแหน่งดาวเคราะห์ให้ถูกต้อง แล้วทำการปรับแก้ด้วยมันทอุจจะ และปรับแก้ด้วยชีฆระตามลำดับ

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally

• गुमज्या: the guma-sine (guma chord)
• गुमज्या: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुम + ज्या (प्रातिपदिक; components)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गुमस्य ज्या)

• त्रिजि: by the radius (tri-ji)
• त्रिजि: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिजि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; instrumental

• अवाप्ता: obtained/attained
• अवाप्ता: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् + आप् (धातु) → अवाप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; passive/resultative participle agreeing with ‘गुमज्या’

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; pronoun used adjectivally

• चापम्: arc
• चापम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; object

• क्रान्तिः: (it is) the step/advance (krānti)
• क्रान्तिः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• उच्यते: is called
• उच्यते: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

• ग्रहम्: the planet/position (graha)
• ग्रहम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• संशोध्य: having corrected
• संशोध्य: पूर्वकाल (Pūrvakāla/Anterior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + शुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having corrected/verified’

• मन्दम्: slow (motion)
• मन्दम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; used as object/qualifier (slow)

• उञ्चत्: increasing/adding
• उञ्चत्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उञ्च् (धातु) → उञ्चत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; participle used with ‘मन्दम्’ (raising/adding)

• तथा: thus/likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; manner-adverb

• शीघ्नात्: from the fast (motion)
• शीघ्नात्: अपादान (Apādāna/Ablative source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5), एकवचन; ablative ‘from the fast (motion)’

• विशोध्य: having adjusted/cleansed
• विशोध्य: पूर्वकाल (Pūrvakāla/Anterior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + शुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having purified/adjusted’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada technical computation within the broader Moksha-Dharma discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames Jyotiṣa as a disciplined, corrective science—refining perception through calculation—supporting dharma by enabling accurate timing and understanding of cosmic order (ṛta).

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by teaching precise calendrical and planetary corrections, it underpins proper observance of vows, fasts, and worship timings—practices that nourish steady Viṣṇu-bhakti in daily life.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa: converting a sine (jyā) to an arc (cāpa) to obtain krānti (declination), and applying manda-ucca and śīghra corrections for accurate planetary positions (graha-śodhana).