Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 50

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

व्यासध्नं प्रभजेद्विप्र ज्या काशं जायते स्फुटा । ज्यांघ्रीषुध्नोवृत्तवर्गोबग्धिघ्नव्यासाढ्यमौर्विहृत् ॥ ५० ॥

Transliteration

vyāsadhnaṃ prabhajedvipra jyā kāśaṃ jāyate sphuṭā | jyāṃghrīṣudhnovṛttavargobagdhighnavyāsāḍhyamaurvihṛt || 50 ||

Translation

โอ้พราหมณ์ เมื่อแบ่งเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลางแล้ว จะได้ค่าเชือกคันธนู (ชยา) อย่างชัดเจน โดยใช้ชยาร่วมกับค่าที่เกี่ยวกับวงกลม ทั้งกำลังสองของปริมาณและเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลาง แล้วกำหนดผลตามกฎเชือกคันธนู

Word by Word

• व्यासध्नम्: (technical) vyāsa-dhna quantity
• व्यासध्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास-ध्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (व्यासस्य ध्नम्)

• प्रभजेत्: should divide/apportion
• प्रभजेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज् (भज् धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष? (अत्र मध्यमपुरुष एकवचन अपेक्षितः—भजेत्: 3rd/2nd sg. opt. in usage), एकवचन

• विप्र: O brāhmaṇa
• विप्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन एकवचन (Voc. sg.)

• ज्या: bowstring (sine)
• ज्या: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• काशम्: (technical) kāśa
• काशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); (अर्थ/पाठ अस्पष्ट)

• जायते: arises/is produced
• जायते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (जन् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन (3rd sg.)

• स्फुटा: clear/distinct
• स्फुटा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्फुट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); विशेषण (ज्यायाः)

• ज्या: the sine/bowstring
• ज्या: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.)

• अङ्घ्रि: foot
• अङ्घ्रि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्घ्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.); (समासाङ्ग)

• इषुध्नो: of iṣudhna (technical)
• इषुध्नो: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषुध्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी एकवचन (Gen./Loc. sg.); (पाठदुष्कर)

• वृत्तवर्गः: square of the circle (area/quantity)
• वृत्तवर्गः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्त-वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (वृत्तस्य वर्गः)

• बग्धिघ्न: bagdhi-multiplier (technical)
• बग्धिघ्न: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बग्धि-घ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (बग्धेः घ्नः = multiplier of bagdhi)

• व्यासाढ्य: augmented by diameter
• व्यासाढ्य: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यास-आढ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (व्यासेन आढ्यः = enriched by diameter)

• मौर्विहृत्: taking/deriving the bowstring (mauर्वी)
• मौर्विहृत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मौर्वि-हृत् (हृ धातु, क्त/क्विप्-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (मौर्विं हरति)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada technical auxiliary knowledge in the Moksha-Dharma context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that even practical sciences (like measurement and computation) can be taught as supportive knowledge—disciplined clarity of intellect serving dharma and ultimately aiding the seeker’s steadiness on the path to liberation.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: it emphasizes precision, method, and disciplined learning—qualities that, when turned toward worship and scriptural practice, strengthen bhakti through correct understanding and right application of teachings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

A technical computational method using jyā (chord), diameter, and square-measure ideas—aligned with traditional Indian mathematical/astronomical procedures that support calendrics, ritual timing, and related Vedic applications.