Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 49

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

चापोननिघ्नः परिधिः प्रगङ्लः परिधेः कृते । तुर्यांशेन शरध्नेनाघेनिनाधं चतुर्गणम् ॥ ४९ ॥

Transliteration

cāponanighnaḥ paridhiḥ pragaṅlaḥ paridheḥ kṛte | turyāṃśena śaradhnenāgheninādhaṃ caturgaṇam || 49 ||

Translation

เส้นรอบวงย่อมได้โดยนำเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลางคูณด้วยค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ที่กำหนดไว้ สำหรับการหาค่าเส้นรอบวงให้ปรับแก้ส่วนหนึ่งในสี่ตามกฎที่กล่าว แล้วคำนวณด้วยวิธีสี่ขั้น (จตุรคณะ)

Word by Word

• चाप: bow
• चाप: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.)

• उण: (technical term)
• उण: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); (पाठभेद/दुर्लभ-शब्द)

• निघ्नः: striking/annihilating
• निघ्नः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); विशेषण

• परिधिः: circumference
• परिधिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• प्रगङ्लः: (technical term)
• प्रगङ्लः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रगङ्ल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); (पाठदुष्कर/अस्पष्ट-रूप)

• परिधेः: of the circumference
• परिधेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन (Gen. sg.)

• कृते: for (the purpose of)
• कृते: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कृत (कृ धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रयोजनार्थे (for the sake of)

• तुर्यांशेन: by the fourth part
• तुर्यांशेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुर्य-अंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Instr. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (तुर्यस्य अंशः)

• शरध्नेन: by (a measure/term) śaradhna
• शरध्नेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरध्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Instr. sg.); (दुर्लभ-शब्द)

• अघेनिना: by aghaninā (technical)
• अघेनिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अघेनिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Instr. sg.); (दुर्लभ-शब्द)

• अधम्: (technical quantity)
• अधम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); (पाठदुष्कर/अस्पष्ट)

• चतुर्गणम्: fourfold group / four times
• चतुर्गणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्-गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (चतुर्णां गणः/चतुर्गुणः)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical/śāstric mode within Mokṣa-dharma context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights that dharmic life (and the pursuit of mokṣa) is supported by śāstric precision—accurate measures and correct procedures are part of disciplined living, not separate from spirituality.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: it shows that devotion is strengthened when worship and observances are performed with proper knowledge and exactness, aligning practice with śāstra rather than guesswork.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

A computational/measurement rule akin to Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa and traditional gaṇita—using coefficients and stepwise operations (caturgaṇa) to derive values like circumference for practical applications.