Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 50

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

आत्मनेपदिनो विप्र दीङ्मुखास्त्विह कीर्तिताः । स्यतिप्रभृतयो वेदाः परस्मैपदिनो मताः ॥ ५० ॥

Transliteration

ātmanepadino vipra dīṅmukhāstviha kīrtitāḥ | syatiprabhṛtayo vedāḥ parasmaipadino matāḥ || 50 ||

Translation

โอ พราหมณ์! ธาตุที่ขึ้นต้นด้วย “ทีง-” ได้สอนไว้ที่นี่ว่าเป็น “อาตมเนปท” ส่วนธาตุที่ขึ้นต้นด้วย “สฺยติ” เป็นต้น ตามคัมภีร์ไวยากรณ์ถือว่าเป็น “ปรัสไมปท”॥๕๐॥

Word by Word

• आत्मनेपदिनः: ātmanepada (verbs)
• आत्मनेपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विप्र: O brāhmaṇa
• विप्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• दीङ्-मुखाः: those beginning with ‘dīṅ’
• दीङ्-मुखाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीङ् (धातु-नाम/प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘beginning with dīṅ’

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (particle: ‘but/indeed’)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• कीर्तिताः: are mentioned
• कीर्तिताः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘mentioned’

• स्यति-प्रभृतयः: those beginning with ‘syati’
• स्यति-प्रभृतयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्यति (धातु-नाम/प्रातिपदिक) + प्रभृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; प्रभृति-तत्पुरुष (‘beginning with syati’)

• वेदाः: are known/are understood (as)
• वेदाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• परस्मैपदिनः: parasmaipada (verbs)
• परस्मैपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परस्मैपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical Vyakarana context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights śabda-śuddhi (purity and correctness of sacred language): mastery of Vyākaraṇa (a Vedāṅga) supports accurate mantra recitation and disciplined study, which are treated as aids to dharma and mokṣa.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: Bhakti practices rely on correctly transmitted names, hymns, and mantras; this verse underscores that grammatical precision preserves the integrity of devotional speech and scriptural chanting.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar): it classifies verb usage into Ātmanepada (middle voice) and Parasmaipada (active voice) based on traditional root/group patterns (e.g., “dīṅ-” vs. “syati”-type).