Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 9

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

आधारे चापि विप्रेंद्र रक्षार्थानां प्रयोगतः । ईप्सितं चानीप्सितं यत्तदपादानकं स्मृतम् ॥ ९ ॥

Transliteration

ādhāre cāpi vipreṃdra rakṣārthānāṃ prayogataḥ | īpsitaṃ cānīpsitaṃ yattadapādānakaṃ smṛtam || 9 ||

Translation

โอ้พราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ ในการใช้จริง แม้เกี่ยวกับสิ่งเป็นฐานรองรับ (ādhāra) หากมีการนำสิ่งใดมาใช้เพื่อการคุ้มครอง—จะพึงปรารถนาหรือไม่พึงปรารถนาก็ตาม—สิ่งนั้นย่อมถือเป็น ‘อปาทาน’ (ความหมายแห่งการแยกออก/วิภัตติที่ห้า)

Word by Word

• आधारे: in the support/base
• आधारे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आधार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/सम्भावनार्थक-अव्ययम् (also/even)

• विप्र-इन्द्र: O best of Brahmins
• विप्र-इन्द्र: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विप्राणाम् इन्द्रः)

• रक्षा-अर्थानाम्: of purposes of protection
• रक्षा-अर्थानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षा + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; चतुर्थी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-भावः ‘रक्षायै अर्थः’ → ‘रक्षार्थः’

• प्रयोगतः: according to usage / by application
• प्रयोगतः: हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रयोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त-अव्ययम् (ablatival adverb) = पञ्चमी-अर्थे ‘from/according to usage’

• ईप्सितम्: the desired (object)
• ईप्सितम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईप्सित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √आप्/ईप्स्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त-विशेष्यभावः (desired)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अनीप्सितम्: the undesired (object)
• अनीप्सितम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीप्सित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √आप्/ईप्स्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः (undesired)

• यत्: which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative)

• तत्: that
• तत्: सम्बन्ध (Correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देशक-सर्वनाम (correlative)

• अपादानकम्: (is) the ablative-function (apādāna)
• अपादानकम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपादानक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कारकनाम (name of kāraka)

• स्मृतम्: is said/remembered (as)
• स्मृतम्: क्रिया (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-Dharma instruction in the Narada Purana includes disciplined Vedic learning: precise speech (Vyākaraṇa) is treated as a supporting limb (Vedāṅga) for clarity in dharma and right understanding.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by refining correct meaning through grammar, it prevents misunderstanding of scriptural statements that guide devotion; accurate comprehension supports steady bhakti rather than confusion from faulty interpretation.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar), specifically the kāraka called apādāna (ablative/source of separation), including its application in protective contexts (rakṣārtha-prayoga) whether the object involved is desired (īpsita) or undesired (anīpsita).