Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 80

The Exposition of the Dvādaśī Vow for the Twelve Months

Dvādaśī-vrata-nirṇaya and Mahā-dvādaśī Lakṣaṇas

Devanagari script

छत्रं माषार्धहेम्नश्च प्रस्थं फाणितमुत्तमम् । चंदनं पलिकं वस्त्रं पंचहस्तोन्मितं तनुम् ॥ ८० ॥

Transliteration

chatraṃ māṣārdhahemnaśca prasthaṃ phāṇitamuttamam | caṃdanaṃ palikaṃ vastraṃ paṃcahastonmitaṃ tanum || 80 ||

Translation

พึงถวายร่ม ทองคำหนักครึ่งมาษะ น้ำอ้อยเคี่ยวชั้นเลิศหนึ่งประสถะ จันทน์หนึ่งปละ และผ้าละเอียดความยาวห้าหัตถ์ ตามบทบัญญัติแห่งทาน

Word by Word

• छत्रम्: umbrella
• छत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• माष: of a māṣa (weight)
• माष: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद

• अर्द्ध: half
• अर्द्ध: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्द्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; समासमध्यपद

• हेम्नः: of gold
• हेम्नः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• माष-अर्द्ध-हेम्नः: of gold (weighing) half a māṣa
• माष-अर्द्ध-हेम्नः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माष (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्द्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + हेमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'माषार्धपरिमाणस्य हेम्नः' (gold of half-māṣa measure)

• प्रस्थम्: a prastha-measure
• प्रस्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; माप (measure)

• फाणितम्: molasses/jaggery syrup
• फाणितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाणित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन

• उत्तमम्: excellent
• उत्तमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; विशेषण

• चन्दनम्: sandalwood
• चन्दनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• पलिकम्: (weighing) one pala
• पलिकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पलिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; परिमाणवाचक विशेषण (of one pala)

• वस्त्रम्: cloth/garment
• वस्त्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Sankhya (संख्या)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पञ्च (अव्यय/संख्या)
• Form: संख्यावाचक अव्यय (numeral, indeclinable in compound)

• हस्त: cubit/hand
• हस्त: Measure (परिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (measure: cubit/hand)

• उन्मितम्: measured
• उन्मितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद् + मा (धातु) + क्त (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle): 'measured'

• पञ्च-हस्त-उन्मितम्: measured as five cubits
• पञ्च-हस्त-उन्मितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च (अव्यय) + हस्त (प्रातिपदिक) + उन्मित (कृतान्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'पञ्चहस्तैः उन्मितम्' (measured by five cubits)

• तनुम्: thin/fine
• तनुम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying वस्त्रम्)

Speaker

Suta (narrating Narada Purana’s prescribed dāna items within the Anukramanika-style section)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

The verse emphasizes dāna (ritual charity) done with precise traditional measures; such regulated giving is presented as a dharmic act that produces puṇya and supports social and ritual order.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While not directly teaching bhakti doctrine, it supports bhakti-oriented dharma by prescribing offerings that can be dedicated to deities, Brahmanas, and sacred causes—turning material gifts into devotional merit through right intention and rule-based practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights traditional metrology used in ritual contexts—weights and measures (māṣa, pala, prastha, hasta), which aligns with practical ritual procedure (kalpa-style precision) rather than grammar or astrology.