Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 54

The Exposition of the Dvādaśī Vow for the Twelve Months

Dvādaśī-vrata-nirṇaya and Mahā-dvādaśī Lakṣaṇas

Devanagari script

दत्वा तेभ्यस्तु विसृजेत्प्रीयान्नारयणस्त्विति । एतस्यामेव विदितं द्वादशादित्यसंज्ञितम् ॥ ५४ ॥

Transliteration

datvā tebhyastu visṛjetprīyānnārayaṇastviti | etasyāmeva viditaṃ dvādaśādityasaṃjñitam || 54 ||

Translation

เมื่อถวายเครื่องบูชาตามพิธีแก่ท่านเหล่านั้นแล้ว พึงส่งท่านกลับด้วยความเคารพ พร้อมกล่าวว่า “ขอพระนารายณะทรงพอพระทัย” ในบริบทนี้เองยังสอนสิ่งที่รู้จักกันว่า “อาทิตยะทั้งสิบสอง” ด้วย

Word by Word

• दत्वा: having given
• दत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावेन; धातु: दा (to give)

• तेभ्यः: to them
• तेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान (Dative/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), बहुवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थक

• विसृजेत्: should dismiss/let go
• विसृजेत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• प्रीयान्: the dear ones (guests)
• प्रीयान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• नारायणः: Nārāyaṇa
• नारायणः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), बलार्थक

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्य-समाप्ति (Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• एतस्याम्: in this (context)
• एतस्याम्: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• विदितम्: is known
• विदितम्: कर्मणि-भाव (Predicative/कर्मणि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: कृत (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अर्थे: ‘known/understood’

• द्वादश-आदित्य-संज्ञितम्: called ‘(the rite) of the twelve Ādityas’
• द्वादश-आदित्य-संज्ञितम्: विशेषण (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वादश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √ज्ञा + सम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्वादशानाम् आदित्यानाम् संज्ञा यस्य तत्)

Speaker

Narada (teaching in summary style within the Purva Bhaga; dialogic frame traditionally with Sanatkumara line)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Dvādaśa-Āditya-vrata (implied/introduced)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Narayana
• Adityas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames ritual completion as devotion-centered: after giving what is due, one concludes by dedicating the act to Nārāyaṇa, making divine pleasure (prīti) the true endpoint of the rite.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed through intention and utterance—ending the procedure with “Nārāyaṇaḥ prīyatām” (may Nārāyaṇa be pleased) turns technical performance into an offering of the heart.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects Kalpa (ritual procedure): proper giving (dāna/ārpaṇa) followed by formal dismissal (visarjana) with a concluding sanctifying mantra-like statement.