Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 20

Daśamī-vrata: Observances for the Bright Tenth Day Through the Twelve Months

Devanagari script

आश्विने शुक्लदशमी विजया सा प्रकीर्तिता । चतुर्गोमयपिंडानि प्रातर्न्यस्य गृहांगणे ॥ २० ॥

Transliteration

āśvine śukladaśamī vijayā sā prakīrtitā | caturgomayapiṃḍāni prātarnyasya gṛhāṃgaṇe || 20 ||

Translation

วันทศมีแห่งปักษ์สว่างในเดือนอาศวินเป็นที่รู้จักว่า ‘วิชัยา’ ครั้นยามเช้าให้วางก้อนมูลโคสี่ก้อนไว้ในลานบ้าน

Word by Word

• आश्विने: in (the month of) Āśvina
• आश्विने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्विन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); मासवाचक (month-name)

• शुक्लदशमी: the bright-fortnight tenth (day)
• शुक्लदशमी: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ल-दशमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (descriptive: शुक्ला या दशमी), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• विजया: (called) Vijayā
• विजया: समानााधिकरण (Apposition to subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विजया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); नाम (name)

• सा: that (day)
• सा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रकीर्तिता: is proclaimed/called
• प्रकीर्तिता: क्रिया (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive sense)

• चतुर्: four
• चतुर्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक विशेषण (numeral adjective), अव्ययवत् पूर्वपद (as first member in compound)

• गोमयपिण्डानि: lumps of cow-dung
• गोमयपिण्डानि: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोमय-पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गोमयस्य पिण्डः), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• प्रातः: in the morning
• प्रातः: कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• न्यस्य: having placed
• न्यस्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + अस्/न्यस् (धातु; √अस् with नि-; ‘to place’)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having placed’

• गृहाङ्गणे: in the house-courtyard
• गृहाङ्गणे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह-अङ्गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गृहस्य अङ्गणम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Vijayā (Āśvina-śukla-daśamī observance)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Vijayā (Daśamī)
• Āśvina
• Śukla Pakṣa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It identifies Āśvina Śukla Daśamī as “Vijayā,” an auspicious tithi, and prescribes a simple morning household rite using gomaya (cow-dung), traditionally associated with purification, protection, and auspiciousness.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed through disciplined observance of sacred time (tithi) and humble, sattvic ritual action performed at home—preparing the devotee’s environment for worship and success in dharmic undertakings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa principles—timing religious practice by lunar calendrics (Āśvina, Śukla Pakṣa, Daśamī)—and the applied ritual tradition of śauca (purity) through gomaya usage.