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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 37

The Exposition of the Saptamī Vow Observed Across Twelve Months

Saptamī-vrata-prakāśana

स्त्री नरो दक्षिणे चैव यावद्वर्षं समाप्यते । संभोज्य विप्रान्सप्तैव पायसेन विसृज्यस तान् ॥ ३७ ॥

strī naro dakṣiṇe caiva yāvadvarṣaṃ samāpyate | saṃbhojya viprānsaptaiva pāyasena visṛjyasa tān || 37 ||

ควรมอบหญิงและชายเป็นทักษิณาจนกว่าจะครบหนึ่งปี แล้วเลี้ยงพราหมณ์เจ็ดรูปด้วยข้าวหวานปายสะ และส่งท่านกลับด้วยความเคารพ

स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
दक्षिणेon the right (side/hand)
दक्षिणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पार्श्वे/हस्ते implied)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
यावत्-वर्षम्for a year / up to a year
यावत्-वर्षम्:
Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव-पूर्वपद) + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः—कालपरिमाणे ‘for as long as a year’
समाप्यतेis completed
समाप्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आप् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः—‘is completed’
सम्-भोज्यhaving fed
सम्-भोज्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु) + सम् (उपसर्ग) + णिच् (causative) + ल्यप्
Formअव्ययभावे कृदन्त (gerund); causative sense—‘having fed/entertained’
विप्रान्Brahmins
विप्रान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन
सप्तseven
सप्त:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Form(संख्याविशेषण) पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (विप्रान्)
एवonly/just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-निपात
पायसेनwith rice-pudding
पायसेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपायस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
विसृज्यhaving dismissed
विसृज्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√सृज् (धातु) + ल्यप्
Formअव्ययभावे कृदन्त (gerund); ‘having dismissed/sent off’
तान्them
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

Narada (instructional narration within a vrata/ritual context; traditionally framed in Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

B
Brahmanas (Vipras)
D
Dakshina

FAQs

It emphasizes that a vow (vrata) is completed not only by personal austerity but by dharmic giving—dakṣiṇā and feeding Brahmanas—so the merit becomes socially and ritually well-founded.

Though framed as ritual duty, it supports bhakti culture by directing the devotee to conclude observances with reverence, generosity, and service to the learned—acts traditionally offered to God through His devotees.

It reflects Kalpa (ritual procedure): specifying a time-span (one year), a fixed number (seven vipras), a prescribed offering (pāyasa), and the formal concluding act of visarga (respectful dismissal).