Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 19

The Second Twelve-Month Vrata: Dvitīyā Observances and Their Fruits

Devanagari script

भोजितः स्वगृहे तेन द्वितीयैषा यमाह्वया । पुष्टिप्रवर्द्धनं चात्र भगिन्या भोजनं गृहे ॥ १९ ॥

Transliteration

bhojitaḥ svagṛhe tena dvitīyaiṣā yamāhvayā | puṣṭipravarddhanaṃ cātra bhaginyā bhojanaṃ gṛhe || 19 ||

Translation

เมื่อเขาเลี้ยงอาหารในเรือนของตน—พิธีประพฤติครั้งที่สองนี้เรียกว่า ‘ยมā’ ที่นี่กล่าวว่า เมื่อเลี้ยงอาหารพี่น้องหญิงในบ้าน ความอุดมสมบูรณ์และความรุ่งเรืองย่อมเพิ่มพูน

Word by Word

• भोजितः: (was) fed / entertained with food
• भोजितः: Karma (कर्म) / Predicative participle
• Type: Verb
• Root: भोजित (कृदन्त; √भुज् धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/कर्मणि क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘भोजितः’ = ‘भोजितः (अस्ति)’ implied

• स्वगृहे: in (one’s) own house
• स्वगृहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व-गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: ‘स्वस्य गृहः’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; locative

• तेन: by him / by that (person)
• तेन: Karana (करण) / Agent-instrumental (कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; instrumental pronoun

• द्वितीया: the second (day)
• द्वितीया: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominative
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ordinal used substantively

• एषा: this
• एषा: Karta (कर्ता) / Identifier
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• यमाह्वया: called ‘Yamā’ / named Yamā
• यमाह्वया: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यम-आह्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: ‘यमस्य आह्वयः’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘द्वितीया’

• पुष्टिप्रवर्द्धनम्: (it is) an increaser of nourishment/prosperity
• पुष्टिप्रवर्द्धनम्: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominative
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्टि-प्रवर्द्धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: ‘पुष्टेः प्रवर्द्धनम्’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st)/द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; here as predicate/apposition

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)

• भगिन्या: by the sister
• भगिन्या: Karana (करण) / Agent-instrumental (कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; instrumental

• भोजनम्: food; a meal
• भोजनम्: Karma (कर्म) / Object-noun
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st)/द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘meal/feeding’

• गृहे: in the house
• गृहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; locative

Speaker

Narada (traditional anukramanika narration within the Narada Purana)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Yamā (Yamadvitīyā-type observance)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Yamā

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames household hospitality as dharma: feeding (especially within the family) is treated as a meritorious act that supports puṣṭi—well-being, strength, and auspicious increase in the home.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed as seva and generosity: honoring relationships and offering food in a pure household spirit becomes a practical devotional ethic aligned with dharmic living.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual application rather than technical Vedanga is emphasized: it points to smārta-style domestic observance (gṛhya-dharma) where feeding (bhojana/dāna) is prescribed for auspicious results.