Shloka 21

Adhyaya 85 — The Gods’ Hymn to the Goddess and the Emergence of Kaushiki; Shumbha Sends His Envoy

Sanskrit

या देवी सर्वभूतेषु जातिरूपेण संस्थिता ।

नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमस्तस्यै नमो नमः ॥

Transliteration

yā devī sarvabhūteṣu jātirūpeṇa saṃsthitā | namas tasyai namas tasyai namas tasyai namo namaḥ ||

Translation

ขอนอบน้อมซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่าแด่พระเทวีผู้สถิตอยู่ในสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวงในรูปแห่งชาติ/ภาวะแห่งการเกิด (ชาติ)

Word by Word

• yā: she who
• yā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-यत्

• devī: the Goddess
• devī: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sarva-bhūteṣu: in all beings
• sarva-bhūteṣu: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास

• jāti-rūpeṇa: in the form of birth/species
• jāti-rūpeṇa: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāti (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: जातेः रूपम्

• saṃsthitā: is established/abides
• saṃsthitā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√sthā (स्था) (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

• tasyai: to her
• tasyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• namo: salutation
• namo: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; संधिरूप (नमः + नमः → नमो नमः)

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative-function)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक-निपात

Speakers

• Collective hymn of praise within Devī Māhātmya (stuti addressed to the Goddess)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Durgā/Chāṇḍikā)

Shakti Aspects

• Devī as Jāti (principle of embodied origination and differentiation)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Embodiment
• Diversity of life
• Cosmic order

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Life’s differentiated conditions are not outside the sacred; this can ground respect across forms of life and temper pride tied to one’s birth or status.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Though it touches the idea of origination, it functions here as stuti within upākhyāna, not as a technical sarga/pratisarga account.

What is the esoteric significance?

Jāti indicates the power by which the One appears as many kinds; esoterically it points to Śakti’s role in nāma-rūpa differentiation while remaining non-separate.