Shloka 30

Adhyaya 82 — The Rise of Mahishasura and the Manifestation of the Goddess from the Gods’ Tejas

Sanskrit

शेषश्च सर्वनागेशो महामणिविभूषितम् ।

नागहारं ददौ तस्यै धत्ते यः पृथिवीमिमाम् ॥

Transliteration

śeṣaś ca sarvanāgeśo mahāmaṇivibhūṣitam | nāgahāraṃ dadau tasyai dhatte yaḥ pṛthivīm imām ||

Translation

เศษะ ผู้เป็นจอมแห่งนาคทั้งปวงและผู้ทรงค้ำจุนแผ่นดิน ได้ถวายสร้อยนาคประดับมหารัตนะแด่พระเทวี

Word by Word

• शेषः: Śeṣa (the serpent)
• शेषः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सर्वनागेशः: lord of all serpents
• सर्वनागेशः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व-नाग-ईश (प्रातिपदिक); ईश = स्वामी
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): सर्वेषां नागानां ईशः

• महामणिविभूषितम्: adorned with great jewels
• महामणिविभूषितम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महामणि-विभूषित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक); √भूष् (धातु) + क्त (past passive participle)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासः: महान्तः मणयः येन विभूषितम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण

• नागहारम्: a serpent-garland
• नागहारम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग-हार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: नागानां हारः

• ददौ: gave
• ददौ: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तस्यै: to her
• तस्यै: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative), एकवचन

• धत्ते: supports/bears
• धत्ते: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सूचक (relative pronoun)

• पृथिवीम्: the earth
• पृथिवीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• इमाम्: this
• इमाम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (demonstrative adjective)

Speakers

• Narrative within the Devi Mahatmyam

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Durgā/Caṇḍikā)
• Śeṣa (Ananta)

Shakti Aspects

• Durgā / Caṇḍikā (cosmic protectress)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Cosmic symbolism
• Protection
• Earth-support motif

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the deepest cosmic foundations (Śeṣa who ‘supports the earth’) align with the Devī’s dharmic purpose—suggesting that righteousness has ontological backing, not merely social approval.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita and dharma-saṃsthāpana narrative: the cosmic order is personified as contributing to the restoration of balance.

What is the esoteric significance?

Nāga imagery often connotes primal power and depth. Worn as a necklace, it indicates that the Devī has tamed and integrated the deepest energies, converting them into ornament (beauty + authority).