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Shloka 61

Adhyaya 8Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

ततः स बालः सहसा दृष्ट्वा कृष्टां तु मातरम् ।

समभ्यधावदम्बेति रुदन् सास्त्राविलेक्षणः ॥

tataḥ sa bālaḥ sahasā dṛṣṭvā kṛṣṭāṃ tu mātaram /

samabhyadhāvad ambeti rudan sāstrāvilekṣaṇaḥ

แล้วเด็กน้อยนั้น ครั้นเห็นมารดาถูกลากไปโดยฉับพลัน ก็วิ่งร้องไห้พลางตะโกนว่า “อัมบา!” ใบหน้าบิดเบี้ยวและพร่ามัวด้วยสายน้ำตาที่ไหลริน

ततःthen
ततः:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपादान/क्रम-अर्थे (then/thereupon)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
बालःthe boy
बालः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; आकस्मिक/शीघ्र-अर्थे (suddenly)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया (having seen)
कृष्टाम्dragged
कृष्टाम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष् (धातु)
Formक्त (Past Passive Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् मातरम् प्रति; अर्थः—आकृष्टा/कर्षिता (dragged/pulled)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण/विरोध-भावे (but/indeed)
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
सम्together/fully (intensifier)
सम्:
Upasarga (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग)
Formउपसर्ग (preverb) धावद्-क्रियायाम्
अभिtowards
अभि:
Upasarga (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग)
Formउपसर्ग (towards) धावद्-क्रियायाम्
अधावत्ran
अधावत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootधाव् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
अम्बाO mother!
अम्बा:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Vakyartha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरण-चिह्न (quotative)
रुदन्crying
रुदन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formशतृ (Present Active Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगः
he
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अश्रुwith tears
अश्रु:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; साधनम् (with tears)
आविलblurred
आविल:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआविल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (turbid/blurred)
ईक्षणःone whose eyes were blurred (with tears)
ईक्षणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootईक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—अश्रुभिराविलम् ईक्षणं यस्य/अश्रु-आविल-ईक्षणः (कर्मधारय-प्रायः)
Narrative voice within the Devi Mahatmyam (as recited in the Markandeya Purana frame tradition)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Devī (Ambikā/Chandikā context)
Ambikā/Kaushikī (implied by the cry “Ambā/Ambē” as ‘Mother’ in the battle narrative context)
ShaktismPathos within battle narrativeProtection of devoteesMaternal address to the Goddess

FAQs

The verse heightens the bhakti-tone amid conflict: when refuge is threatened, the instinctive dharmic response is śaraṇāgati—calling upon the Mother (Ambā) as protector. It underscores the Purāṇic ethic that the Divine is approached not only through ritual but through heartfelt dependence.

This passage belongs chiefly to vaṃśānucarita/ākhyāna (narrative of deeds and events) within the Purāṇic corpus, rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa proper. In the Devi Mahatmyam sub-text, it functions as itihāsa-style episode supporting dharma and devotion.

The child’s cry “Ambā” symbolizes the jīva’s spontaneous recognition of the Devi as the immediate, intimate ground of refuge. The tear-blurred vision (sāśru-āvila) can be read as worldly distress obscuring perception—yet the very distress becomes the catalyst for turning toward the Mother, who reveals clarity and protection through Her śakti.