Shloka 174

Adhyaya 8 — Vasu's Redemption

Sanskrit

तस्याः विलापशब्दं तमाकर्ण्य स नराधिपः ।

जगाम त्वरितोऽत्रेति भविता मृतकम्बलः ॥

Transliteration

tasyā vilāpaśabdaṃ tam ākarṇya sa narādhipaḥ | jagāma tvarito ’treti bhavitā mṛtakambalaḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นได้ยินเสียงคร่ำครวญอันโศกเศร้าของนาง พระราชาก็รีบไปยังที่นั้น คิดว่า “แน่แท้ต้องเป็นมฤตกัมพลา”

Word by Word

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/षष्ठी), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• विलापशब्दम्: the sound of lamentation
• विलापशब्दम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विलाप-शब्द (प्रातिपदिक; विलाप + शब्द)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विलापस्य शब्दः)

• तम्: that (sound)
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• आकर्ण्य: having heard
• आकर्ण्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + कर्ण् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), “having heard”

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम्

• नराधिपः: the king
• नराधिपः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर-अधिप (प्रातिपदिक; नर + अधिप)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (नराणाम् अधिपः)

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• त्वरितः: hurried
• त्वरितः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; त्वर् धातोः क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषणम्

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्यचिह्न (Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)

• भविता: will become
• भविता: क्रियापूरक/भविष्यत्कर्ता (Predicative/agentive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-अर्थे क्तृ-प्रत्ययान्त (Agent noun used as future periphrastic sense); पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; “one who will be / will become”

• मृतकम्बलः: a dead blanket (i.e., lifeless/ruined)
• मृतकम्बलः: क्रियापूरक (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत-कम्बल (प्रातिपदिक; मृत + कम्बल)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः (मृतः इव/मृतः कम्बलः)

Speakers

• Narrator (within the Purāṇic frame) describing the king’s actions

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Grief
• Misfortune and fate (kṛtānta)
• Royal narrative
• Recognition and separation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sorrow moves even a powerful ruler; in dharma-narratives, kingship does not exempt one from duḥkha, and compassion/urgency in response to suffering is portrayed as a human (and royal) duty.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Ākhyāna/vaṃśānucarita-style narrative (connected to royal lineage stories), not sarga/pratisarga; it functions as didactic history within the Purāṇic storytelling mode.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘lament’ acts as a karmic summons: the jīva is drawn toward the consequence-field it must face. The name ‘Mṛtakambala’ (lit. ‘dead-blanket/covering’) can symbolically suggest the shroud of mortality that envelops worldly identity.