Shloka 131

Adhyaya 8 — Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

Sanskrit

तत्रस्थश्चाप्यसौ राजा सोऽचिन्तयदिदं तदा ।

इतो निष्क्रान्तमात्रो हि दानधर्मं करोम्यहम् ॥

Transliteration

tatrasthaś cāpy asau rājā so 'cintayad idaṃ tadā / ito niṣkrānta-mātro hi dāna-dharmaṃ karomy aham

Translation

ที่นั่นด้วย กษัตริย์ผู้นั้นครุ่นคิดในเวลานั้นว่า “ทันทีที่เราออกจากที่นี่ เราจักประพฤติธรรมแห่งทาน (ทานธรรม) ”

Word by Word

• तत्र-स्थः: being there / stationed there
• तत्र-स्थः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः—तत्र स्थितः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), ‘also/even’

• असौ: that (person), he
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अचिन्तयत्: thought
• अचिन्तयत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• इतः: from here
• इतः: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतस् (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (ablatival adverb)

• निष्क्रान्त-मात्रः: having just come out
• निष्क्रान्त-मात्रः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष्+क्रम् (धातु) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; ‘निष्क्रान्त’ = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle) प्रयुक्तः विशेषणवत्; समासः—निष्क्रान्तः एव मात्रः (अवधारणार्थ)

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ

• दान-धर्मम्: the duty/practice of giving (charity)
• दान-धर्मम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक) + धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—दानस्य धर्मः

• करोमि: I do / I shall perform
• करोमि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान/Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Speakers

• Narrative voice within Markandeya Purana (frame-speakers not identifiable from excerpt alone)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Repentance and resolve
• Dāna (charity)
• Moral reorientation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering can ripen into ethical resolve. The verse highlights dāna as a primary corrective action—an outward practice meant to counter prior selfishness or harm.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma-upadeśa embedded in Carita; not a cosmological marker.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘moment of emergence’ suggests a rebirth not only of body but of intention (saṅkalpa), implying that inner vow is the seed of liberation from repeating patterns.