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Shloka 9

Adhyaya 71The King’s Remorse and the Sage’s Counsel on the Necessity of a Wife

पत्नी धर्मार्थकामानां कारणं प्रबलं नृणाम् । विशेषतश्च धर्मस्य सन्त्यक्तस्त्यजता हि ताम् ॥

patnī dharmārtha-kāmānāṃ kāraṇaṃ prabalaṃ nṛṇām / viśeṣataś ca dharmasya saṃtyaktas tyajatā hi tām

ภรรยาเป็นเหตุอันทรงพลังให้บุรุษบรรลุธรรมะ อรรถะ และกามะ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งธรรมะ แท้จริงแล้ว ผู้ที่ละทิ้งนางย่อมประหนึ่งถูกธรรมะละทิ้ง

पत्नीa wife
पत्नी:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
धर्मार्थकामानाम्of dharma, artha, and kāma
धर्मार्थकामानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + अर्थ + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formइतरेतर-द्वन्द्व-समास (‘धर्मश्च अर्थश्च कामश्च’); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
कारणम्cause, means
कारणम्:
सम्बन्ध/विधेय (Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootकारण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
प्रबलम्strong, powerful
प्रबलम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: especially)
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक निपात
धर्मस्यof dharma
धर्मस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
सन्त्यक्तःabandoned
सन्त्यक्तः:
विधेय (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + त्यज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘abandoned’
त्यजताby (one) abandoning
त्यजता:
कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by one who abandons’
हिindeed, for
हि:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक निपात (for/indeed)
ताम्her (that wife)
ताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
Sage → King

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Gṛhastha-dharmaPuruṣārthasMarital obligationSocial ethics

FAQs

Householder life is treated as a dhārmic institution: the spouse is not merely social companionship but a co-participant in yajña, lineage, and ethical order; discarding that bond undermines one’s dharma.

Dharma-upadeśa within narrative; indirectly supports vaṃśānucarita by showing how royal/householder conduct preserves or damages social order.

On an inner level, ‘patnī’ can be read as the stabilizing śakti of one’s life—discipline, conscience, and relational responsibility—without which the pursuit of goals becomes unmoored.