Shloka 15

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

एता न दयिताः पत्युर्नैतासां दयितः पतिः ।

विनोदमात्रमेवैताः यथा परिजनोऽपरः ॥

Transliteration

etā na dayitāḥ patyur naitāsāṃ dayitaḥ patiḥ |

vinodamātram evaitā yathā parijano 'paraḥ ||

Translation

สตรีเหล่านี้มิได้เป็นที่รักแท้ของสามี และสามีก็มิได้เป็นที่รักแท้ของนางทั้งหลาย เขาทั้งหลายมีไว้เพียงเพื่อความสำราญ—ดุจผู้รับใช้คนอื่นในเรือน

Word by Word

• etāḥ: these (women)
• etāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); सर्वनाम-शब्द (pronoun)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• dayitāḥ: beloved
• dayitāḥ: Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधाना-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dayita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom.), बहुवचन; विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• patyuḥ: of the husband
• patyuḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; विशेष-रूप: पति-शब्दस्य षष्ठी एकवचन (patyuḥ)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• etāsām: of these (women)
• etāsām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), षष्ठी (Gen.), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द

• dayitaḥ: beloved
• dayitaḥ: Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधाना-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dayita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन; विशेषण

• patiḥ: husband
• patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन

• vinoda-mātram: mere amusement
• vinoda-mātram: Pradhāna (प्रधाना/predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vinoda (प्रातिपदिक) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative): विनोदस्य मात्रम् = 'mere amusement'

• eva: only/indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• etāḥ: these (women)
• etāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom.), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द

• yathā: as/like
• yathā: Upamāna (उपमान/marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकार-वाचक अव्यय (comparative/conj. 'as/like')

• parijanaḥ: attendant/retinue person
• parijanaḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parijana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन

• aparaḥ: another/other
• aparaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom.), एकवचन; विशेषण

Speakers

• Didactic narrator within the Dharmapakṣī (wise birds) discourse (exact speaker not named in provided verses)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Ethics
• Householder conduct
• Detachment
• Critique of lust

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Affection grounded in lust and variety is unstable; relationships reduced to entertainment lack the sanctity of mutual devotion (prema) and degrade persons into instruments of pleasure.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not a pañcalakṣaṇa unit (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita) per se; it belongs to ācāra–dharma instruction embedded in narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘retinue’ metaphor signals the fall from subject-to-subject love into objectification; spiritually, it warns that desire turns the jīva into a consumer of experiences rather than a knower of truth.