Shloka 47

Adhyaya 61 — The Second Manvantara Begins: The Brahmin’s Swift Journey and Varuthini’s Temptation on Himavat

Sanskrit

साहं त्वद्दर्शनाद्विप्र कामवक्तव्यताङ्गता । प्रशाधि यन्मया कार्यं त्वदधीनास्मि साम्प्रतम् ॥

Transliteration

sāhaṃ tvaddarśanād vipra kāmavaktavyatāṅgatā / praśādhi yan mayā kāryaṃ tvadadhīnāsmi sāmpratam

Translation

และเรา—เมื่อได้เห็นท่านพราหมณ์—ก็ถูกความปรารถนาผลักดันให้เอ่ยวาจา จงบัญชาว่าเราควรกระทำสิ่งใด บัดนี้เราอยู่ใต้การชี้นำของท่าน

Word by Word

• सा: I (that woman)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वत्-दर्शनात्: from seeing you
• त्वत्-दर्शनात्: Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (त्वत्-दर्शनम्) + अपादान/हेतु-अर्थ ‘because of seeing you’

• विप्र: O brahmin
• विप्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• काम-वक्तव्यता-अङ्गता: have become inclined to speak as desired
• काम-वक्तव्यता-अङ्गता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + वक्तव्यता (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्गता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (कामेन वक्तव्यता; तस्याः अङ्गता = प्राप्ता/युक्ता)

• प्रशाधि: command/instruct
• प्रशाधि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-शास् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक ‘that which’

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr-karana (कर्तृकरण/agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by me’

• कार्यम्: to be done
• कार्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘to be done/duty’

• त्वत्-अधीन-अस्मि: I am dependent on you
• त्वत्-अधीन-अस्मि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अधीन (प्रातिपदिक) + अस् (धातु)
• Form: अधीन (विशेषण) + अस्मि (लट्, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन); समास: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (त्वत्-अधीनः/अधीनाऽस्मि)

• साम्प्रतम्: now
• साम्प्रतम्: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साम्प्रतम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: now/at present)

Speakers

• Varūthinī to the dvijasuta (brahmin youth)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Kāma (desire) confession
• Speech compelled by emotion
• Surrender/agency transfer
• Interpersonal power dynamics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse dramatizes how desire can override autonomy and discernment, leading to self-surrender. Purāṇic ethics typically valorize self-mastery (dama) over emotion-driven submission.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna/Upākhyāna; it advances plot and moral psychology rather than cosmological or dynastic material.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Compelled speech’ suggests vāg-śakti being seized by kāma; esoterically, when prāṇa and attention are captured, speech becomes an instrument of bondage—contrasted with disciplined mantra-vāk that leads to liberation.