Shloka 14

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

रतिमाप्नोति वाक्यञ्च विवक्षोरन्यदेव यत् ।

परिवर्तकसंज्ञो 'यं तस्यापि सितसर्षपैः ॥

Transliteration

ratim āpnoti vākyañ ca vivakṣor anyadeva yat | parivartaka-saṃjño 'yaṃ tasyāpi sita-sarṣapaiḥ ||

Translation

ผู้กล่าวย่อมมีแนวโน้มไปอีกทางหนึ่ง และแม้ถ้อยคำของผู้ตั้งใจจะพูดก็กลับกลายเป็น ‘อย่างอื่น’ สิ่งนี้เรียกว่า ‘ปริวรรตกะ’ คือผู้เบี่ยงเบน; และสำหรับเขาก็มีวิธีแก้ด้วยเมล็ดมัสตาร์ดขาวเช่นกัน

Word by Word

• रतिम्: delight; pleasure
• रतिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• आप्नोति: attains; obtains
• आप्नोति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• वाक्यम्: speech; statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• विवक्षोः: of the would-be speaker
• विवक्षोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवक्षु (प्रातिपदिक; √वच् धातोः सन्/इच्छार्थक ‘to wish to speak’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of the one who wishes to speak’

• अन्यत्: another; different
• अन्यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of वाक्यम्)

• एव: indeed; only
• एव: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (emphasis)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक—‘that which’

• परिवर्तकसंज्ञः: called ‘Parivartaka’
• परिवर्तकसंज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिवर्तक (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘परिवर्तक-नामकः’ (having the designation ‘parivartaka’)

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• अपि: also; even
• अपि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात—समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (also/even)

• सितसर्षपैः: with white mustard seeds
• सितसर्षपैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सित (प्रातिपदिक) + सर्षप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘सिताः सर्षपाः’ (white mustard seeds)

Speakers

• Not explicit; didactic continuation on named omen-causing forces and remedies.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Omens
• Speech alteration
• Apotropaic remedies
• Ritual materials (sarṣapa)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Guarding intention and speech is part of dharma; when distortion arises (mis-speaking, sudden change of mind), one should treat it as a warning sign and apply calming, purificatory measures rather than acting rashly.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ritual/dharma appendix material; not one of the five core purāṇic markers.

What is the esoteric significance?

Parivartaka symbolizes the instability of vāk (speech) when prāṇa and manas are agitated. White mustard is widely used as a ‘cutting’/clearing substance in śānti rites, representing sharp discriminative purification.