Shloka 35

Adhyaya 47 — Brahma’s Awakening and the Ninefold Scheme of Creation

Sanskrit

अष्टमोऽनुग्रहः सर्गः सात्त्विकस्तामसश्च सः ।

पञ्चैते वैकृताः सर्गाः प्राकृतास्तु त्रयः स्मृताः ॥

Transliteration

aṣṭamo 'nugrahaḥ sargaḥ sāttvikastāmasaśca saḥ / pañcaite vaikṛtāḥ sargāḥ prākṛtāstu trayaḥ smṛtāḥ

Translation

การสร้างครั้งที่แปดคือ ‘อนุครหะ’ เป็นทั้งฝ่ายสัตตวะและฝ่ายตมะ. ทั้งห้านี้เป็นการสร้างแบบไวกริตะ ส่วนการสร้างแบบปรากฤตะถูกจดจำว่ามีสาม.

Word by Word

• अष्टमः: eighth
• अष्टमः: विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अष्टम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषण

• अनुग्रहः: favor; grace
• अनुग्रहः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सर्गः: creation
• सर्गः: समानााधिकरण (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सात्त्विकः: sāttvic (pure)
• सात्त्विकः: विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सात्त्विक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• तामसः: tāmasic (dark)
• तामसः: विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तामस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्धसूचक (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• सः: that
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: विशेषण (Numeral modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; (अत्र) प्रथमा, बहुवचनार्थे अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; ‘five’

• एते: these
• एते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम

• वै: indeed
• वै: सम्बन्धसूचक (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphasis)

• वैकृताः: modified; secondary
• वैकृताः: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• सर्गाः: creations
• सर्गाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्राकृताः: primary; original
• प्राकृताः: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• तु: but
• तु: सम्बन्धसूचक (Contrast)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात

• त्रयः: three
• त्रयः: विशेषण (Numeral modifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण

• स्मृताः: are said/considered
• स्मृताः: क्रियापद (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘are said’

Speakers

• Cosmological narration within the Markandeya Purana’s teaching context (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Guṇas (sattva/tamas)
• Classification systems
• Pañcalakṣaṇa: Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even ‘grace’ in the world appears through guṇas; outcomes can elevate (sattva) or bind (tamas). The ethical implication is to cultivate sattva so that anugraha is received/expressed as clarity rather than inertia.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: it explicitly summarizes the prākṛta (3) and vaikṛta (5) groupings within the ninefold scheme.

What is the esoteric significance?

The pairing of sāttvika and tāmasa within anugraha hints that ‘help’ or ‘boons’ can function either as liberation-aids or as further entanglements, depending on the recipient’s guṇa-condition.