Shloka 32

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

सञ्चाद्य निर्मले सत्त्वे स्थितो युञ्जीत योगवित् । इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः प्राणादीन् मन एव च ॥

Transliteration

sañchādya nirmale sattve sthito yuñjīta yogavit | indriyāṇīndriyārthebhyaḥ prāṇādīn mana eva ca ||

Translation

เมื่อครอบงำแนวโน้มต่ำและตั้งมั่นในสัตตวะอันบริสุทธิ์แล้ว ผู้รู้โยคะพึงเพียรในโยคะ โดยยับยั้งอินทรีย์จากอารมณ์ทั้งหลาย ควบคุมลมปราณตั้งแต่ปราณะเป็นต้น และควบคุมจิตด้วย

Word by Word

• सञ्चाद्य: having settled/established
• सञ्चाद्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सञ्चाद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), from धातु सञ्चाद्; ‘having covered/filled/settled’ (prior action)

• निर्मले: in the pure
• निर्मले: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्मल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; adjective qualifying ‘सत्त्वे’

• सत्त्वे: in sattva (purity/clarity)
• सत्त्वे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• स्थितः: steadfast/established
• स्थितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘being situated/steadfast’

• युञ्जीत: should practice/apply
• युञ्जीत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; ‘should yoke/apply (himself)’

• योगवित्: the knower of yoga
• योगवित्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगविद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुष: योग + विद् (‘knower of yoga’)

• इन्द्रियाणि: the senses
• इन्द्रियाणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः: from the sense-objects
• इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रियार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Plural; तत्पुरुष: इन्द्रिय + अर्थ (‘objects of the senses’)

• प्राणादीन्: the prāṇas etc.
• प्राणादीन्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राणादि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; ‘prāṇa and the rest’

• मनः: the mind
• मनः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (form मनः)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha/Avadhāraṇa (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis/restriction

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

Speakers

• Father–son dialogue (specific names not provided in the input)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Sense restraint
• Prāṇa regulation (preparatory)
• Mind control

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ethically, mastery is inward: true discipline is the withdrawal of compulsive engagement with objects and the steadying of breath and mind.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Instructional yoga material (upadeśa), not a pañcalakṣaṇa narrative segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

Purified sattva is treated as the necessary ‘medium’ for higher states; without it, prāṇa and mind remain turbulent and pratyāhāra/dhāraṇā do not stabilize.