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Shloka 57

Adhyaya 31Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

दत्त्वा च दक्षिणां शक्त्या सुस्वधास्त्विति तान् वदेत् ।

तैश्च तुष्टैस्तथेtyuktvā वाचयेद्वैश्वदेविकान् ॥

dattvā ca takṣiṇāṃ śaktyā susvadhāstviti tān vadet / taiśca tuṣṭaistathetyuktvā vācayedvaiśvadevikān

เมื่อถวายทักษิณาตามกำลังแล้ว พึงกล่าวแก่ท่านทั้งหลายว่า ‘ขอให้สฺวธา (svadhā) ตั้งมั่นดีเถิด’ ครั้นท่านทั้งหลายพอใจแล้วตอบว่า ‘ตถาสตุ’ จึงให้สวด/ดำเนินมนต์และพิธีไวศฺวเทวิกะ (vaiśvadevika) ต่อไป (หรือทำส่วนไวศฺวเทวิกะให้สำเร็จ).

दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक
दक्षिणाम्the fee/gift (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन
शक्त्याaccording to (one's) capacity
शक्त्या:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया, एकवचन; करण; 'according to ability' (instrumental of measure)
सु-स्वधा-स्तु“Well, svadhā indeed!” (ritual exclamation)
सु-स्वधा-स्तु:
Vākya-prayojaka (वाक्यप्रयोजक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक) + तु (अव्यय)
Formमन्त्र/उद्गाररूप अव्ययप्रयोग; 'तु' अव्यय (particle)
इतिthus
इति:
Vākya-sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरणचिह्न (quotative particle)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, बहुवचन
वदेत्should say
वदेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तैःby them/with them
तैः:
Sahakārī/Karaṇa (सहकारी/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण/सहकार (by/with them)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक
तुष्टैः(when they are) satisfied
तुष्टैः:
Sahakārī/Karaṇa (सहकारी/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया, बहुवचन; 'being satisfied'
तथाso, thus
तथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (so/thus)
इतिthus
इति:
Vākya-sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उद्धरणचिह्न
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive); पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
वाचयेत्should cause (someone) to recite
वाचयेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: 'cause to recite')
वैश्वदेविकान्the Vaiśvadeva (mantras/priests)
वैश्वदेविकान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्वदेविक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, बहुवचन; (those connected with Vaiśvadeva rites / the Vaiśvadeva mantras)
Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana narrative

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Viśvedevas (as ritual recipients/associates)
ŚrāddhaDakṣiṇāSvadhāViśvedevasRitual conclusion

FAQs

Completion requires gratitude and proper closure: dakṣiṇā acknowledges service and participation; the ‘svadhā’ formula seals the ancestral intent, and the vaiśvadevika portion integrates the rite into a broader sacrificial order.

Ācāra/dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

‘Svadhā’ is the subtle ‘address’ by which offerings reach pitṛs; affirming it (‘su-svadhā’) is a ritual ‘locking’ of the channel, while invoking the Viśvedevas universalizes the offering beyond a single lineage.