Shloka 42

Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

Sanskrit

यवाम्भोभिस्तथा चार्घ्यं दत्त्वा वै वैश्वदेविकम् । गन्धमाल्याम्बुधूपञ्च दत्त्वा सम्यक् सदीपकम् ॥

Transliteration

yavāmbhobhīs tathā cārghyaṃ dattvā vai vaiśvadevikam / gandhamālyāmbudhūpañ ca dattvā samyak sadīpakam

Translation

เมื่อถวายอัรฆยะด้วยน้ำผสมข้าวบาร์เลย์ (ยวะ) แล้ว พึงประกอบพิธีไวศวเทวะ และเมื่อถวายโดยถูกต้องตามแบบแผนซึ่งของหอม พวงมาลัย น้ำ ธูป และประทีปแล้ว จึงดำเนินพิธีต่อไป.

Word by Word

• yava-ambhobhiḥ: with barley-water
• yava-ambhobhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yava (प्रातिपदिक) + ambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘with barley-water’

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• arghyam: arghya (honor-offering)
• arghyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arghya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having given’

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• vaiśvadevikam: the Vaiśvadevika offering/rite
• vaiśvadevikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśvadevika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• gandha-mālya-ambu-dhūpam: fragrance, garlands, water, and incense (as offerings)
• gandha-mālya-ambu-dhūpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandha (प्रातिपदिक) + mālya (प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + dhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); samāhāra-dvandva (समाहार-द्वन्द्व) ‘a set of fragrance, garlands, water, and incense’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)

• dattvā: having given
• dattvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having given’

• samyak: properly
• samyak: Sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyak (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय) ‘properly, duly’

• sa-dīpakam: together with a lamp
• sa-dīpakam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह-प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गवत्) + dīpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘together with a lamp’ (सहदीपकम्)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Viśve Devas / Devas (collective)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Vaiśvadeva
• Upacāras (offerings)
• Gṛhastha ritual

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Daily worship is made concrete through simple, repeatable acts (water, barley-water, lamp, incense). The verse grounds spirituality in disciplined household practice rather than rarefied speculation.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ritual-ācāra instruction; not one of the five narrative characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The lamp (dīpa) signifies inner illumination; incense and fragrance suggest refinement of the subtle atmosphere; barley-water evokes nourishment and steadiness—offering the ‘sustaining principle’ to the cosmic order.