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Shloka 4

Adhyaya 27Madālasa’s Instruction to King Alarka: Royal Ethics, Self-Conquest, and Statecraft

मदालसोवाच वत्स ! राज्येऽभिषिक्तेन प्रजारञ्जनमादितः ।

कर्तव्यमविरोधेन स्वधर्मस्य महीभृता ॥

madālasovāca vatsa! rājye 'bhiṣiktena prajārañjanam āditaḥ | kartavyam avirodhena svadharmasya mahībhṛtā ||

มทาลสากล่าวว่า—ลูกเอ๋ย เมื่อได้รับราชาภิเษกแล้ว ธรรมอันประธานของพระราชาคือทำให้ราษฎรยินดี โดยประพฤติตามสวธรรมของตนอย่างไม่ล่วงละเมิดและไม่ก่อความขัดแย้ง

madālasaḥMadālasa
madālasaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmadālasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular (speaker name)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular
vatsadear son
vatsa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular
rājyein the kingdom / in kingship
rājye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
abhiṣiktenaby the consecrated (king)
abhiṣiktena:
Karaṇa (करण—agent/instrument in obligation)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhiṣikta (कृदन्त; अभि+सिच् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular; used substantively ‘by one who is consecrated’
prajā-rañjanampleasing the subjects
prajā-rañjanam:
Karma (कर्म—what is to be done)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā + rañjana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; तत्पुरुषः (प्रजानां रञ्जनम्)
āditaḥfrom the outset
āditaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootādita (कृदन्त; आ+दा धातु)
FormAvyaya usage as adverb (अव्ययीभाववत्), meaning ‘from the beginning/firstly’ (आदितः-प्रयोगः)
kartavyammust be done
kartavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया—obligation predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; impersonal obligation
avirodhenawithout conflict
avirodhena:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootavirodha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular; adverbial instrumental ‘without opposition/conflict’
sva-dharmasyaof one’s own duty
sva-dharmasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular; तत्पुरुषः (स्वस्य धर्मः)
mahī-bhṛtāby the king
mahī-bhṛtā:
Karaṇa (करण—agent)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī + bhṛt (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular; तत्पुरुषः (महीं बिभर्ति इति) ‘king’; agent in obligation context
Madālasā to Ālarka

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

RājadharmaPrajā-hita (welfare of subjects)SvadharmaLegitimate authority

FAQs

Kingship is service: the ruler’s ‘first duty’ is public welfare, executed in fidelity to svadharma. Popular satisfaction here is not mere appeasement, but dharmic governance that sustains order and trust.

Dharma instruction in a royal-education setting (vaṃśānucarita-adjacent). It functions as purāṇic niti rather than cosmological taxonomy.

‘Consecration’ signifies inner authorization: when power awakens, it must be yoked to dharma. Prajā can also mean the senses/inner populace—rule begins by harmonizing the inner kingdom without violating truth (svadharma).