Shloka 12

Adhyaya 26 — Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

Sanskrit

मदालसोवाच मयाज्ञा भवतः कार्याः महाराज ! यथात्थ माम् ।

तथा नाम करिष्यामि चतुर्थस्य सुतस्य ते ॥

Transliteration

madālasauvāca mayājñā bhavataḥ kāryāḥ mahārāja ! yathāttha mām / tathā nāma kariṣyāmi caturthasya sutasya te

Translation

มทาลสากล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่มหาราช ตามที่พระองค์ตรัส ข้าพเจ้าจักปฏิบัติตามพระบัญชาโดยแท้ ดังนั้นข้าพเจ้าจะตั้งนามให้แก่พระโอรสองค์ที่สี่ของพระองค์”

Word by Word

• मदालसा: Madālasā
• मदालसा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मदालसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता/agent-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental 3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• आज्ञा: command
• आज्ञा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• भवतः: of you (sir)
• भवतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• कार्याः: to be done / should be carried out
• कार्याः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (विधेय/obligation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative 1st), बहुवचन (plural)

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)

• यथा: as
• यथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• आत्थ: you said
• आत्थ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्/आह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• तथा: so / thus
• तथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• नाम: name
• नाम: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• करिष्यामि: I will make / I will give
• करिष्यामि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• चतुर्थस्य: of the fourth
• चतुर्थस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• सुतस्य: of (your) son
• सुतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive 6th), एकवचन (singular)

Speakers

• Madālasa to the king

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Household harmony
• Speech-act (naming)
• Respectful assent
• Maternal agency

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Madālasa’s tone is courteous, not combative. Wisdom can operate within social forms while redirecting their meaning—teaching without breaking harmony.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/Ācāra in narrative form: how decisions and rites proceed in a royal household.

What is the esoteric significance?

The mother’s role becomes that of guru: the source of ‘nāma’ (identity-marker) is aligned with insight rather than mere worldly aspiration.