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Shloka 37

Adhyaya 24Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

जड उवाच स दृष्ट्वा तां तदा तन्वीं तत्क्षणात् विगतत्रपः ।

प्रियेत्य् तामभिमुखं ययौ वाचमुदीरयन् ।

निवारयामास च तं नागः सोऽश्वतरस्त्वरन् ॥

jaḍa uvāca sa dṛṣṭvā tāṃ tadā tanvīṃ tatkṣaṇāt vigatatrapaḥ |

priyeti tām abhimukhaṃ yayau vācam udīrayan |

nivārayāmāsa ca taṃ nāgaḥ so ’śvataras tvaran ||

ชฎะกล่าวว่า—ครั้นเห็นสตรีผู้เพรียวบางนั้น เขาก็ละอายสิ้นในทันที ร้องว่า “ที่รัก!” แล้วตะโกนเสียงดังพุ่งเข้าไปหา แต่พญานาคและอัศวตระผู้ว่องไวได้รีบยับยั้งเขาไว้ทันที

jaḍaḥJaḍa (the person named)
jaḍaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjaḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (pronoun)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund)
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (pronoun)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
tanvīmthe slender woman
tanvīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottanvī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
tat-kṣaṇātimmediately, at that very moment
tat-kṣaṇāt:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + kṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः (adverbial sense)
vigata-trapaḥhaving lost shame (shameless)
vigata-trapaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvigata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + trapā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
priyeO beloved!
priye:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
abhimukhamtowards (her), facing (her)
abhimukham:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootabhimukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (adverbial accusative)
yayauwent
yayau:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootyā (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
vācamspeech, words
vācam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
udīrayanuttering, speaking
udīrayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootud-īr (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; परस्मैपद-कर्तरि
nivārayāmāsarestrained, stopped
nivārayāmāsa:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√vṛ (धातु) [causative]
Formणिच्-प्रयोजक (Causative); लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (pronoun)
nāgaḥthe serpent
nāgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
aśvataraḥAśvatara (name; the serpent)
aśvataraḥ:
Apposition (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootaśvatara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tvaranhastening
tvaran:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Roottvar (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Jaḍa narrating; characters include the king (implied) and Nāga and Aśvatara who restrain him

{ "primaryRasa": "śṛṅgāra", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Māyā/illusionAttachment (moha) and loss of discernmentProtective intervention by a guide

FAQs

Sudden infatuation can overwhelm modesty and judgment; a wise restraining force (guru-like intervention) is needed to prevent one from being carried away by appearances.

It belongs to ethical instruction conveyed through narrative (ākhyāna) rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita; it is ancillary didactic content supporting dharma/vairāgya.

The ‘beloved’ is a projection of desire; the Nāga/Aśvatara function as inner prāṇa/discipline that checks the senses before they ‘touch’ the object and become bound.