Shloka 18

Adhyaya 24 — Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

Sanskrit

ममोत्तमाङ्गे त्वत्पादरजसा यदिहास्पदम् ।

कृतं तेनैव न प्राप्तं किं मया पन्नगेश्वर ॥

Transliteration

mamottamāṅge tvat-pāda-rajasā yad ihāspadam / kṛtaṃ tenaiva na prāptaṃ kiṃ mayā pannageśvara

Translation

เมื่อธุลีจากพระบาทของพระองค์มาประดิษฐานบนศีรษะของข้าพเจ้าแล้ว เพียงเท่านี้สิ่งใดเล่าที่ยังไม่สำเร็จ? โอ้จอมแห่งนาค ข้าพเจ้ายังมิได้บรรลุสิ่งใดหรือ?

Word by Word

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• उत्तम-अङ्गे: on (my) head
• उत्तम-अङ्गे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (uttamam aṅgam)

• त्वत्-पाद-रजसा: with the dust of your feet
• त्वत्-पाद-रजसा: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक) + रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (tvataḥ pādasya rajaḥ)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम (relative)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)

• आस्पदम्: a resting-place/seat
• आस्पदम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आस्पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• कृतम्: made/done
• कृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• प्राप्तम्: attained/obtained
• प्राप्तम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• किम्: what?
• किम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr (कर्ता/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पन्नग-ईश्वर: O lord of serpents
• पन्नग-ईश्वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (pannagānām īśvaraḥ)

Speakers

• Human supplicant to the Nāga-lord (pannageśvara)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Pāda-sevā (reverence at the feet)
• Grace over self-effort
• Blessing as completion (kṛtakṛtyatā)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

True wealth is construed as grace and sanctification, not acquisition; reverence itself is presented as ‘already sufficient’ reward.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma teaching within narrative (nīti/dharma), not a primary pancalakṣaṇa strand.

What is the esoteric significance?

Placing ‘pāda-rajas’ on the head encodes inversion of ego: the ‘highest’ part bows to the ‘lowest’ (feet), indicating surrender that dissolves karmic lack.