Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Adhyaya 23Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

नृशंसोऽहमनार्योऽहं विना तां मृगलोचनाम् ।

मत्कृते निधनं प्राप्तां यज्जीवाम्यतिनिर्घृणः ॥

nṛśaṃso 'ham anāryo 'haṃ vinā tāṃ mṛga-locanām | mat-kṛte nidhanaṃ prāptāṃ yaj jīvāmy ati-nirghṛṇaḥ ||

“ข้าโหดเหี้ยม; หากไร้นางผู้มีดวงตาดุจเนื้อทราย ข้าย่อมไม่คู่ควร ไร้ความเป็นอารยะ นางถึงความตายเพราะข้า—แต่ข้ายังมีชีวิตอยู่ ทั้งไร้เมตตา!”

nṛśaṃsaḥcruel
nṛśaṃsaḥ:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-सामानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnṛśaṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
anāryaḥignoble
anāryaḥ:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-सामानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanārya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
vināwithout
vinā:
Apādāna/Viśeṣaṇa (अपादान/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (preposition/adverb), governs accusative
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
mṛgalocanāmdoe-eyed
mṛgalocanām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛga + locanā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय समास (मृगस्य इव लोचना यस्याः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
matkṛtefor my sake
matkṛte:
Hetu/Nimitta (हेतु/निमित्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmad + kṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (मत्-कृते = मम कृते), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; idiomatically ‘for my sake’
nidhanamdeath
nidhanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnidhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
prāptāmhaving reached (death)
prāptām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāpta (प्रातिपदिक; pra-√āp → PPP)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; agrees with tām
yatthat/while
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (relative particle), here = ‘while/that’ introducing reason
jīvāmiI live
jīvāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jīv (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन
ati-nirghṛṇaḥutterly merciless
ati-nirghṛṇaḥ:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-सामानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + nirghṛṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद ‘ati-’ intensifier
Protagonist’s inner speech (reported by narrator)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

RemorseCompassion (dayā) as virtueMarital loss

FAQs

Āryatva (nobility) is defined by conduct, especially compassion. Survival without empathy is portrayed as ethically inferior to death with virtue.

Ākhyāna; a moral-psychological reflection embedded in story.

The loss of the ‘mṛga-locanā’ can symbolize the departure of gentle sattvic inspiration; the ensuing self-reproach is the mind’s attempt to restore dharma through inner realignment.