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Shloka 42

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

तन्तु शत्रुजितं तात पूर्वं कश्चिदिद्वजोत्मः ।

गालवोऽभ्यागमद्धीमान् गृहीत्वा तुरगोत्तमम् ॥

tantu śatrujitaṃ tāta pūrvaṃ kaścid idvaja-uttamaḥ | gālavo 'bhyāgamad dhīmān gṛhītvā turagottamam ||

บัดนี้ ท่านพ่อผู้เป็นที่รัก ก่อนนั้นมีพราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ (ทวิชะผู้เลิศ) นามว่า ศัตรุชิตะ และกาลวะผู้มีปัญญาได้มาถึงพร้อมนำม้าชั้นเลิศมาด้วย।

tantuTantu (name)
tantu:
Karma (कर्म/object of narration/implicit)
TypeNoun
Roottantu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; proper name 'Tantu' (object/topic)
śatru-jitamenemy-conquering
śatru-jitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśatru (प्रातिपदिक) + jita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'conqueror of enemies' used as epithet of Tantu
tātaO dear sir
tāta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
pūrvamformerly
pūrvam:
Kāla (काल/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb) = 'formerly'
kaścitsomeone
kaścit:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootka (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + cit (निपात)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अनिश्चितवाचक सर्वनाम (indefinite pronoun) = 'someone'
idvaja-uttamaḥthe best of the Idvajas
idvaja-uttamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition to kaścit)
TypeNoun
Rootidvaja (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'the best of Idvajas' (clan/lineage epithet)
gālavaḥGālava
gālavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject of 'abhyāgamat')
TypeNoun
Rootgālava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; proper name
abhyāgamatapproached
abhyāgamat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-ā-gam (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'came/approached'
dhīmānwise
dhīmān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'intelligent' (epithet of Gālava)
gṛhītvāhaving taken
gṛhītvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/gerund)
TypeVerb
Rootgrah (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive) = 'having taken'
turaga-uttamamthe best horse
turaga-uttamam:
Karma (कर्म/object of 'gṛhītvā')
TypeNoun
Rootturaga (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'best horse'
Two sons continuing the narration to their father (from 20.41).

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Embedded narrativeBrahmin-sage figuresGift/transaction motif (horse)Dharma narrative setup

FAQs

The text transitions from abstract teaching to concrete story, implying that dharma is best understood via lived examples and specific dilemmas (often involving gifts, obligations, and right conduct).

This is narrative (ākhyāna) material; depending on continuation, it may connect to vaṃśānucarita (accounts of notable persons) rather than cosmological categories.

The ‘excellent horse’ often symbolizes high value/energy/prāṇa in purāṇic storytelling; who rightly receives, gives, or employs it becomes a test of dharma and discernment.