Shloka 36

Adhyaya 20 — Duties of Life Stages

Sanskrit

देवत्वममरेशत्वं तत्पूज्यत्वञ्च मानवाः ।

प्रयान्ति वाञ्छितं वान्यद् दृढं ये व्यवसाहिनः ॥

Transliteration

devatvam amareśatvaṃ tat-pūjyatvañ ca mānavāḥ | prayānti vāñchitaṃ vānyad dṛḍhaṃ ye vyavasāyinaḥ ||

Translation

มนุษย์ผู้มั่นคงในปณิธาน ย่อมบรรลุได้แม้ความเป็นเทพ ความเป็นใหญ่ในหมู่อมตะ และภาวะอันควรแก่การบูชา; หรือย่อมได้สิ่งอื่นใดตามที่ปรารถนา

Word by Word

• देवत्वम्: godhood
• देवत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक -त्व (state of being a god)

• अमरेशत्वम्: lordship over the immortals
• अमरेशत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमर + ईश + त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (अमराणाम् ईशः) + -त्व

• तत्: of that/of him
• तत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive) अर्थे (in compound relation)

• पूज्यत्वम्: worthiness of worship
• पूज्यत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूज्य + त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक -त्व

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• मानवाः: men, humans
• मानवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• प्रयान्ति: attain, reach
• प्रयान्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + या (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• वाञ्छितम्: the desired (thing)
• वाञ्छितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाञ्छित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from वाञ्छ्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन; past passive participle used substantively

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक

• अन्यत्: something else
• अन्यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• दृढम्: firm, steadfast
• दृढम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; adverbial-accusative sense ‘firmly’ possible

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; relative pronoun

• व्यवसायिनः: the resolute/enterprising
• व्यवसायिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवसायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; agent noun (-in)

Speakers

• Continuing dialogue (speaker not explicitly tagged in this verse).

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Puruṣakāra
• Saṅkalpa (resolve)
• Attainment
• Merit and status

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Steadfast resolve is elevated as a transformative force: even the highest social-cosmic statuses are depicted as reachable through disciplined striving. The ethical emphasis is on perseverance rather than fatalism.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

General dharma and motivational instruction; not a pancalakṣaṇa core unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Devatva’ can be read as inner deification—cultivating divine qualities. Worship-worthiness (pūjyatva) then becomes the radiance of realized virtue that naturally draws reverence.