Shloka 35

Adhyaya 2 — The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

Sanskrit

कुरुपाण्डवयोर्युद्धे वर्तमाने सुदारुणे ।

भावित्वाच्चैव कार्यस्य रणमध्ये विवेश सा ॥

Transliteration

kuru-pāṇḍavayor yuddhe vartamāne sudāruṇe | bhāvitvāc caiva kāryasya raṇamadhye viveśa sā ||

Translation

เมื่อศึกอันน่าสะพรึงยิ่งระหว่างพวกกุรุและปาณฑพกำลังดำเนินอยู่ และเพราะกิจนั้นถูกกำหนดไว้โดยชะตา นางจึงก้าวเข้าสู่กลางสมรภูมิ

Word by Word

• कुरु: Kuru
• कुरु: सम्बन्ध (समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; (समासाङ्ग/पूर्वपद) ‘कुरुपाण्डवयोः’ इत्यत्र

• पाण्डवयोः: of the Pāṇḍavas (and Kurus)
• पाण्डवयोः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन (Dual); ‘कुरु-पाण्डवयोः’ = of the Kurus and Pāṇḍavas

• युद्धे: in the battle
• युद्धे: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• वर्तमाने: going on/occurring
• वर्तमाने: अधिकरण (Locative qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृत् (धातु) → वर्तमान (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle, Ātmanepada sense); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘युद्धे’ इति विशेषणम्

• सुदारुणे: very dreadful
• सुदारुणे: अधिकरण (Locative qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी, एकवचन; उपसर्ग-पूर्वक विशेषणम्; ‘युद्धे’ इति विशेषणम्

• भावित्वात्: because it was destined
• भावित्वात्: हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू (धातु) → भावित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भावित-शब्दात् तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablative of cause); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (because of being destined/inevitable)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: सम्बन्ध (Emphasis particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle; indeed/only)

• कार्यस्य: of the task/act
• कार्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• रणमध्ये: in the midst of battle
• रणमध्ये: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण + मध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः (रणस्य मध्ये)

• विवेश: entered
• विवेश: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सा: she
• सा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice (contextual speaker not identifiable from this single verse alone)

Shakti Aspects

• Not explicitly named in this verse (female agent implied by sā)

Key Themes

• Inevitability of destiny (bhāvitva)
• Epic history (Mahābhārata war)
• Intervention/appearance amid conflict

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse emphasizes bhāvitva—events that are ‘to be’—suggesting that certain outcomes unfold by necessity, and the agent (‘she’) acts in alignment with an inevitable cosmic or narrative purpose rather than mere personal impulse.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is best classified under Vaṁśānucarita/Itihāsa-anukīrtana (accounts connected to royal lineages and epic events), rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara. It is an epic-historical insertion used to situate the Purāṇic narrative within recognized itihāsa chronology.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘entry into the midst of battle’ can symbolize śakti (effective power) entering the field of dharma-saṅkaṭa (crisis of righteousness). The battlefield functions as an inner arena where destiny ripens; the feminine ‘she’ represents the decisive force that makes the destined act manifest.