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Shloka 20

Adhyaya 2The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

मार्कण्डेय उवाच । इत्येवं पतगेन्द्रेण प्रोक्तं स्त्रीसन्निधौ तदा । रक्षः क्रोधसमाविष्टं प्रत्यभाषत पक्षिणम् ॥

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ityevaṃ patagendreṇa proktaṃ strīsannidhau tadā / rakṣaḥ krodhasamāviṣṭaṃ pratyabhāṣata pakṣiṇam //

มาร์กัณเฑยะกล่าวว่า: เมื่อพญานกได้กล่าวเช่นนั้นต่อหน้าหญิงผู้นั้น รากษสผู้ถูกครอบงำด้วยโทสะจึงตอบโต้เจ้านกไป

mārkaṇḍeyaḥMārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
itithus
iti:
Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्य-उपसंहार/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative particle)
evamin this manner
evam:
Prakāra-adhikaraṇa (प्रकाराधिकरण/Manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (manner adverb)
patagendreṇaby the lord of birds
patagendreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpataga-indra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपमानार्थ ‘patagānām indraḥ’ = lord of birds
proktamwas spoken
proktam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative; in impersonal passive)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+vac (धातु) → prokta (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); ‘spoken/said’
strī-sannidhauin the woman’s presence
strī-sannidhau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक) + sannidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular); ‘striyāḥ sannidhiḥ’ = presence of the woman
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)
rakṣaḥthe rākṣasa (demon)
rakṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
krodha-samāviṣṭampossessed by anger
krodha-samāviṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrodha (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ā-viṣṭa (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) to ‘rakṣaḥ’; ‘krodhena samāviṣṭaḥ’ = possessed by anger
pratyabhāṣatareplied
pratyabhāṣata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati+bhāṣ (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past/लङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)
pakṣiṇamto the bird
pakṣiṇam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpakṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular)
Mārkaṇḍeya narrating; within the narrated scene: the bird (patagendra) and the rākṣasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Frame narrativeDialogue and responseAnger (krodha) as a driver of speech/actionDharma implied through conduct and restraint

FAQs

The verse highlights how speech and reaction are shaped by inner states: anger (krodha) seizes the rākṣasa and immediately conditions his reply. In Purāṇic ethics, such a cue typically foreshadows adharma—loss of discernment and escalation—contrasted with measured, dharmic speech.

This verse functions as narrative framing rather than a direct exposition of the pañcalakṣaṇa topics. It most closely aligns with ancillary kathā (illustrative story) used to support Dharma/ācāra instruction, not with sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita as primary content.

Symbolically, the 'bird' often represents higher vision, discrimination, or dharmic counsel, while the rākṣasa represents tamasic impulse. The presence of the woman (strī-sannidhi) can indicate a social-ethical test scene—how one behaves under witness, vulnerability, or relational context—where anger exposes one’s inner nature.