Shloka 24

Adhyaya 11 — The Son’s Discourse on Embryogenesis, Birth, and the Wheel of Saṃsāra

Sanskrit

कदाचिदल्पैश्च ततो जायते 'त्र शुभाशुभैः ।

स्वर्लोके नरके चैव भुक्तप्रायो द्विजोत्तम ॥

Transliteration

kadācid alpaiś ca tato jāyate 'tra śubhāśubhaiḥ | svarloke narake caiva bhuktaprāyo dvijottama ||

Translation

และบางคราวภายหลังจากนั้น โอผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่ทวิชะ ครั้นเสวยผลส่วนใหญ่แล้วในสวรรค์และนรก เขาย่อมบังเกิด ณ ที่นี่ด้วยส่วนเล็กน้อยแห่งกรรมดีและกรรมชั่วเท่านั้น।

Word by Word

• कदाचित्: sometimes
• कदाचित्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक

• अल्पैः: by/with small (means)
• अल्पैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (or पुं), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, तस्मात्-अर्थे (thereafter/from that)

• जायते: is born
• जायते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक

• शुभाशुभैः: by good and bad (deeds)
• शुभाशुभैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुभ-अशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: शुभैः च अशुभैः च

• स्वर्लोके: in heaven-world
• स्वर्लोके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्-लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: स्वर्गस्य लोकः

• नरके: in hell
• नरके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण-निपात

• भुक्तप्रायः: having mostly experienced (results)
• भुक्तप्रायः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भुक्त-प्राय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: भुक्तं प्रायः (mostly experienced/mostly consumed)

• द्विजोत्तम: O best of the twice-born
• द्विजोत्तम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज-उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्राय: द्विजानाम् उत्तमः

Speakers

• Not specified in excerpt; the vocative 'dvijottama' indicates the teaching is addressed to a brāhmaṇa/‘best of twice-born’ within the dialogue frame.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Residual karma
• Heaven/hell as temporary fruition
• Rebirth causality

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even after major karmic results are ‘spent’ in other realms, residual merit/demerit still compels human birth; hence ethical vigilance is required, and liberation must be sought beyond karmic bookkeeping.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/karmaphala instruction—supplementary Purāṇic teaching rather than one of the five headline characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

The notion of ‘mostly consumed’ hints at layered karmic causation; subtle residues shape embodiment (birth circumstances), aligning with the idea that saṃskāras persist beyond gross experiences.