Shloka 13

Adhyaya 11 — Svarochisha Manvantara

Sanskrit

स्मृतीस्तस्य प्रयान्त्यस्य बह्व्यः संसारभूमयः ।

ततो निर्वेदमायाति पीड्यमान इतस्ततः ॥

Transliteration

smṛtīstasya prayāntyasya bahvyaḥ saṃsārabhūmayaḥ / tato nirvedamāyāti pīḍyamāna itastataḥ

Translation

เมื่อเขาดำเนินไป ย่อมมีความทรงจำมากมายบังเกิดแก่เขา—ความทรงจำถึงเหตุแห่งสังสารวัฏ; แล้วเมื่อถูกบีบคั้นจากทุกด้าน เขาย่อมบรรลุความคลายกำหนัด (ไวรากยะ)

Word by Word

• smṛtīḥ: memories
• smṛtīḥ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: smṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• prayānti: go forth/come (to mind)
• prayānti: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√i (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• asya: of this (being)
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; एतदर्थे (of this one)

• bahvyaḥ: many
• bahvyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• saṃsāra-bhūmayaḥ: planes/grounds of transmigration
• saṃsāra-bhūmayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃsāra (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (“worldly-existences/planes of saṃsāra”); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: ततः-शब्दः अव्यय (ablatival adverb: then/thereupon/from that)

• nirvedam: disenchantment
• nirvedam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nirveda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• āyāti: comes/attains
• āyāti: Kriya (क्रिया/verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• pīḍyamānaḥ: being afflicted/tormented
• pīḍyamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √pīḍ (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present passive participle, शानच्/मान), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• itaḥ: from here
• itaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: itaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: दिशावाचक/अबलatival अव्यय (from here/this side)

• tataḥ: from there
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: दिशावाचक/अबलatival अव्यय (from there/that side)

Speakers

• Didactic narration within the Markandeya Purana’s instructional discourse (speaker not specified in supplied excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Past-life memory (smṛti)
• Vairāgya (dispassion)
• Saṃsāra-duḥkha

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering can catalyze wisdom: when the jīva vividly recalls repeated birth and pain, it naturally turns toward renunciation and ethical self-restraint.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is a soteriological teaching (mokṣa-oriented instruction) rather than a pañcalakṣaṇa narrative unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

The arising of smṛti in confinement suggests that when external distractions are removed, deeper saṃskāras surface. ‘Nirveda’ becomes the threshold where bondage can turn into inquiry (jijñāsā).