Shloka 64

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

ततो दूतॊ यमस्याशु पाशैर्बध्नाति दारुणैः ।

दण्डप्रहारसम्भ्रान्तं कर्षते दक्षिणां दिशम् ॥

Transliteration

tato dūto yamasyāśu pāśair badhnāti dāruṇaiḥ /

daṇḍaprahārasambhrāntaṃ karṣate dakṣiṇāṃ diśam

Translation

แล้วทูตของยมก็รีบผูกเขาด้วยบ่วงอันน่ากลัว; ถูกตีด้วยไม้เท้าจนมึนงง เขาถูกลากไปสู่ทิศใต้

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: then/thereupon)

• दूतः: messenger
• दूतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)

• यमस्य: of Yama
• यमस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Gen. 6), एकवचन (sg.)

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: quickly)

• पाशैः: with nooses
• पाशैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instr. 3), बहुवचन (pl.)

• बध्नाति: binds
• बध्नाति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Pres.), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.), परस्मैपद

• दारुणैः: cruel, dreadful
• दारुणैः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instr. 3), बहुवचन (pl.); विशेषण (qualifier of पाशैः)

• दण्डप्रहारसम्भ्रान्तम्: bewildered by staff-blows
• दण्डप्रहारसम्भ्रान्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दण्ड + प्रहार + सम्भ्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from सम् + भ्रम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.)/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); भूतकृदन्त (PPP) सम्भ्रान्त; समासः—तत्पुरुष ('confused/terrified by blows of a staff')

• कर्षते: drags, pulls
• कर्षते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Pres.), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.), आत्मनेपद

• दक्षिणाम्: southern, right
• दक्षिणाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); विशेषण (qualifier of दिशम्)

• दिशम्: direction
• दिशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.)

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context not explicit in the provided excerpt (likely an instructive narration within Adhyaya 10)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Yama (Dharmarāja)

Key Themes

• Karmic retribution
• Yama and judgment
• Afterlife journey

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The imagery of binding and coercion underscores moral accountability: one who ignores dharma may be compelled, unwillingly, into the consequences of his deeds.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Didactic dharma material (karmaphala/afterlife description), not a pancalakṣaṇa genealogical-cosmological segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘southern direction’ functions symbolically as the descent into limitation and reckoning; the noose and staff represent binding by one’s own karmic bonds and the corrective force of dharma.