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Shloka 1

विराटसभायां पाण्डवानां प्रवेशः — Arjuna’s Encomium of Yudhiṣṭhira in Virāṭa’s Court

वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! जब भीष्मजी युद्धका मुहाना छोड़कर दूर हट गये, तब धुृतराष्ट्र-पुत्र महामना दुर्योधन अपने रथकी पताका फहराकर हाथमें धनुष ले सिंहनाद करता हुआ अर्जुनपर चढ़ आया,इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत विराटपर्वके अन्तर्गत गोहरणपर्वमें दुर्योधनका युद्धसे पलायनविषयक पैंसठवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ ॥/ ६५ ॥। #:2:8 #:23:.7 () हि २ 7 षट्षष्टितमो<5 ध्याय: अर्जुनके द्वारा समस्त कौरवदलकी पराजय तथा कौरवोंका स्वदेशको प्रस्थान वैशम्पायन उवाच आहूयमानश्नव स तेन संख्ये महात्मना वै धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र: । निवर्तितस्तस्य गिराड्कुशेन महागजो मत्त इवाड्कुशेन

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

āhūyamānaś ca sa tena saṅkhye mahātmanā vai dhṛtarāṣṭraputraḥ |

nivartitas tasya girāṅkuśena mahāgajo matta ivāṅkuśena ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ในศึกนั้น แม้มหาตมะผู้นั้นจะท้าทายซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่า บุตรแห่งธฤตราษฏระก็ถูกสกัดให้ถอยกลับด้วยวาจาอันประหนึ่งอังกุศ—ดุจช้างใหญ่กำลังตกมันถูกตะขอควบคุมไว้

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
आहूयमानःbeing called/summoned
आहूयमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootआहूयमान (√ह्वा)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present passive participle
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
सङ्ख्येin battle
सङ्ख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्ख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
महात्मनाby the great-souled (one)
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
धृतराष्ट्रपुत्रःson of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्रपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निवर्तितःwas turned back/checked
निवर्तितः:
TypeVerb
Rootनिवर्तित (√वृत्/√वर्त्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
गिराby (his) speech/words
गिरा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगिर्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अङ्कुशेनby a goad
अङ्कुशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्कुश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महागजःa great elephant
महागजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहागज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मत्तःintoxicated/mad
मत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अङ्कुशेनby a goad
अङ्कुशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्कुश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
A
Arjuna
B
bow (dhanus)
C
chariot-banner (patākā)
E
elephant-goad (aṅkuśa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that arrogance and aggression can be restrained not only by physical force but also by the moral authority of fearless speech; a righteous, steady-minded hero can check a proud opponent as effectively as a goad controls a raging elephant.

During the cattle-raid episode in the Virāṭa context, Duryodhana (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son), though challenged in battle by the great-souled warrior (contextually Arjuna), is forced to recoil—his advance halted by the opponent’s commanding words, likened to an elephant in musth being restrained by an elephant-hook.