Shloka 49
Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange
Chapter 55
यस्य नागो ध्वजाग्रेड्सौ हेमकेतनसंवृत: । धृतराष्ट्रात्मज: श्रीमानेष राजा सुयोधन:,यह जो रथियोंकी सेनामें सोनेका कवच धारण किये तीसरी काम देने योग्य (बिना थकी-मादी) सेनाके साथ विराजमान है, जिसकी ध्वजाके अग्रभागमें नागका चिह्न है और सोनेकी पताका फहरा रही है, यह धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र श्रीमान् राजा सुयोधन है
yasya nāgo dhvajāgre ’sau hemaketana-saṁvṛtaḥ | dhṛtarāṣṭrātmajaḥ śrīmān eṣa rājā suyodhanaḥ ||
ผู้นั้นคือพระราชสุโยธนะ โอรสผู้รุ่งเรืองแห่งธฤตราษฏระ—ผู้ซึ่งธงรถศึกมีเครื่องหมายพญานาคอยู่ที่ส่วนหน้า และประดับด้วยธงทองอร่าม.
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how outward signs of power—royal splendor, banners, and emblems—announce a leader’s presence in war, yet they also hint at inner qualities such as pride and ambition. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a place where one must recognize opponents clearly and act with discernment, not merely be swayed by display.
Arjuna points out Duryodhana (Suyodhana), identifying him by his distinctive banner marked with a serpent emblem and a golden pennon. This occurs in the Virāṭa context as the Kaurava forces are being observed and recognized before engagement.