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Shloka 12

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

कर्णकक्षविषाणेषु अन्तरोष्ठेषु चैव ह मर्मस्वड्रेषु चाहत्यापातयत्‌ समरे गजान्‌,अब अर्जुन युद्धभूमिमें गजराजोंके कान, कक्ष, दाँत, निचले ओठ तथा अन्य मर्मस्थानोंमें बाण मारकर उन्हें धराशायी करने लगे

karṇakakṣaviṣāṇeṣu antarōṣṭheṣu caiva ha marmasv aḍreṣu cāhatyāpātayat samare gajān

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ท่ามกลางศึก อรชุนยิงศรเข้าที่จุดอ่อนของช้างทั้งหลาย คือหู สีข้างบริเวณรักแร้ งา ริมฝีปากล่าง และมรรมหรือจุดสำคัญอื่น ๆ ครั้นถูกมรรมหัก ช้างใหญ่เหล่านั้นก็ล้มคว่ำลงในสนามรบ

कर्णin (their) ears
कर्ण:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कक्षin (their) flanks/axillae
कक्ष:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
विषाणेषुin the tusks
विषाणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविषाण
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अन्तर-ओष्ठेषुin the lower lips (lit. inner lips)
अन्तर-ओष्ठेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर-ओष्ठ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
indeed (particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मर्मसुin vital spots
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अड्रेषुin the temples/forehead-region (reading uncertain)
अड्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअड्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आहत्यhaving struck
आहत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हन्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
अपातयत्caused to fall / felled
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√पत् (causative: पातयति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गजान्elephants
गजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
G
gajān (elephants)
B
battlefield (samara/yuddhabhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh realism of dharma in warfare: a warrior’s responsibility is to neutralize danger effectively. Targeting marma-points shows disciplined skill aimed at ending the threat swiftly, rather than prolonging suffering or fighting for mere spectacle.

During the battle episode in Virāṭa Parva, Arjuna shoots arrows at elephants, striking their ears, flanks, tusks, lower lips, and other vital spots, causing the great elephants to fall on the battlefield.