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Shloka 11

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

स्वबलत्रासनात्त्रस्ता: परिपेतुर्दिशो दश | रथाड्ुदेशानादाय पार्थच्छिन्नयुगा हया:,अर्जुनने जिनके जुए काट दिये थे, वे शत्रुदलके घोड़े अपनी सेनाकी घबराहटसे स्वयं भी व्यग्र हो उठे और जुएका एक-एक टुकड़ा अपने साथ लिये सब ओर भागने लगे

svabalatrāsanāt trastāḥ paripetur diśo daśa | rathoddeśān ādāya pārthacchinnayugā hayāḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ด้วยความตระหนกที่ครอบงำกองทัพของตนเอง ม้าทั้งหลายซึ่งพารถะได้ตัดแอกขาดแล้ว ก็ฉวยเอาเศษแอกที่แตกหักติดไป และแตกหนีไปทั้งสิบทิศ

स्वबलत्रासनात्from the panic of (their) own army
स्वबलत्रासनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वबलत्रास
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
त्रस्ताःfrightened
त्रस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परिपेतुःthey fled/ran about
परिपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + पत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
युगदेशान्pieces/parts of the yoke
युगदेशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुगदेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आदायhaving taken/carrying
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
पार्थच्छिन्नयुगाःwhose yokes were cut by Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थच्छिन्नयुगाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपार्थच्छिन्नयुग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हयाःhorses
हयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
H
horses (chariot-team)
C
chariot yoke (yuga)
T
ten directions (diśaḥ daśa)

Educational Q&A

Fear arising within one’s own ranks can be more destructive than the enemy’s weapons; when cohesion and control break, even valuable assets (like war-horses) become instruments of disorder, revealing the ethical importance of steadiness and discipline in conflict.

After Arjuna severs the chariot-teams’ yokes, the enemy horses—already unsettled by the turmoil in their own army—bolt in all directions, carrying fragments of the broken yokes with them, signaling a spreading rout.