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Shloka 21

कालविभाग-निरूपणं तथा युद्धव्यवस्था

Time-Reckoning and Mobilization Counsel

जानाति हि मतं तेषामतस्त्रासयतीह नः । अर्जुने चास्य सम्प्रीतिमधिकामुपलक्षये,'ये पाण्डवोंका मत जानते हैं, इसीलिये यहाँ हमें डरा रहे हैं और अर्जुनके प्रति इनका प्रेम अधिक मैं देखता हूँ

jānāti hi mataṁ teṣām atas trāsayatīha naḥ | arjune cāsya samprītim adhikām upalakṣaye ||

เขาย่อมรู้ความดำริของเหล่าปาณฑพ จึงมาข่มขวัญพวกเรา ณ ที่นี้ และข้ายังเห็นว่าเขามีความเอ็นดูต่ออรชุนยิ่งนัก

जानातिknows
जानाति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (जानाति)
FormLat (Present), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मतम्opinion/intention
मतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत (n.)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
त्रासयतिfrightens/causes to fear
त्रासयति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्रस् (caus. त्रासयति)
FormLat (Present), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
नःus
नः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
अर्जुनेin/with regard to Arjuna
अर्जुने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/this person's
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सम्प्रीतिम्affection/fondness
सम्प्रीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रीति (f.)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अधिकाम्greater/more
अधिकाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिका (f.)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उपलक्षयेI observe/notice
उपलक्षये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लक्ष् (उपलक्षयति)
FormLat (Present), 1, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas
A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights political and ethical discernment: understanding another party’s intentions enables psychological tactics like intimidation, and true loyalties can be inferred from observable partiality—here, a marked affection toward Arjuna.

Vaiśampāyana comments that a certain person (contextually, an involved figure in the Virāṭa episode) understands the Pāṇḍavas’ plans and therefore attempts to frighten the speakers; he also appears especially well-disposed toward Arjuna.