Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 90

माता वृद्धा पिता वृद्धस्तयोर्यष्टिरहं किल । तौ रात्रौ मामपश्यन्ती कामवस्थां गमिष्यत:,मेरी माता बूढ़ी है। पिता भी वृद्ध हैं, केवल मैं ही उन दोनोंके लिये लाठीका सहारा हूँ। वे दोनों रातमें मुझे न देखकर पता नहीं किस दशाको पहुँच जायँगे?

mātā vṛddhā pitā vṛddhas tayor yaṣṭir ahaṃ kila | tau rātrau mām apaśyantī kām-avasthāṃ gamiṣyataḥ ||

“มารดาของเราชรา บิดาก็ชรา; แท้จริงเรานี่เองคือไม้เท้าที่ท่านทั้งสองพึ่งพา. หากในราตรีนั้นท่านไม่เห็นเรา ใครเล่าจะรู้ว่าท่านจะตกสู่สภาพอันอเนจอนาถเพียงใด”

माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धाold/aged
वृद्धा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धःold/aged
वृद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तयोःof those two / for those two
तयोः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormCommon, Genitive, Dual
यष्टिःstaff, support
यष्टिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयष्टि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
किलindeed, as is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
तौthose two (they)
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Singular
अपश्यन्तीnot seeing
अपश्यन्ती:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअप + दृश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Dual
कामdesire
काम:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अवस्थाम्state, condition
अवस्थाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गमिष्यतःwill go/come to (a state)
गमिष्यतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormSimple Future (लृट्), Third, Dual, Parasmaipada

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
M
mother
F
father
S
staff (yaṣṭi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma as responsibility toward one’s aged parents: being their ‘staff’ (support) and prioritizing their safety and well-being, especially when they are vulnerable.

Yama speaks of his elderly parents and expresses concern that if they do not see him at night, they may fall into a helpless condition—underscoring his role as their essential support.