Shloka 91

Devanagari script

निद्रायाश्चाभ्यसूयामि यस्या हेतो: पिता मम । माता च संशयं प्राप्ता मत्क्तेडनपकारिणी,मैं अपनी इस नींदको कोसता हूँ, जिसके कारण मेरे पिता तथा कभी मेरा अपकार न करनेवाली मेरी माताका जीवन संशयमें पड़ गया है

Transliteration

nidrāyāś cābhyasūyāmi yasyā hetor pitā mama | mātā ca saṁśayaṁ prāptā mat-kṛte ’napakāriṇī ||

Translation

ข้าตำหนิการหลับใหลของตนเองนี้ เพราะด้วยเหตุนี้บิดาของข้าจึงถึงความพินาศ และมารดาของข้า—ผู้ไม่เคยทำร้ายข้าเลย—ก็ตกอยู่ในความไม่แน่นอนถึงชีวิต

Word by Word

निद्रायाःof sleep

चand

अभ्यसूयामिI reproach / I blame

यस्याःwhose

हेतोःbecause / due to (as cause)

पिताfather

ममmy

माताmother

चand

संशयम्danger / uncertainty

प्राप्ताhas reached / has come to

मत्कृतेfor my sake

अनपकारिणीnot doing harm (to me)

Speaker

यम उवाच

Characters & Entities

Yama

father (pitā)

mother (mātā)

sleep (nidrā)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ethical accountability: even a seemingly ordinary lapse like sleep or inattentiveness can have grave consequences for others. One should be vigilant in one’s duties, especially toward parents and dependents, and accept responsibility rather than making excuses.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yama speaks in self-reproach, lamenting that his sleep became the cause of danger to his father and placed his innocent mother in life-threatening uncertainty. The line conveys remorse and a recognition of how personal negligence can imperil loved ones.