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Shloka 13

Kaurava Court Hears of the Pāṇḍavas’ Forest Hardship (वैचित्रवीर्यवंशीयस्य राज्ञः करुणाविचारः)

लोहितैश्व धनैर्युक्तां पूर्वा संध्यां शतक्रतुः । अपश्यल्लोहितोदं च भगवान्‌ वरुणालयम्‌,ऐश्वर्यशाली इन्द्रने देखा, पूर्वसंध्या (प्रभात)-का समय है, प्राचीके आकाशमें लाल रंगके घने बादल घिर आये हैं और समुद्रका जल भी लाल ही दृष्टिगोचर हो रहा है

lohitaish ca dhanair yuktāṃ pūrvāṃ sandhyāṃ śatakratuḥ | apaśyal lohitodaṃ ca bhagavān varuṇālayaṃ ||

พระอินทร์ผู้ทรงประกอบร้อยยัญ ได้เห็นสนธยาเบื้องบูรพาถูกปกคลุมด้วยเมฆสีชาดหนาทึบ และยังได้เห็นอาศรมอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์ของพระวรุณ—คือมหาสมุทร—ซึ่งสายน้ำแลดูเป็นสีแดง

लोहितैःwith red (ones)
लोहितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootलोहित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
धनैःwith masses/collections (lit. riches; here: dense masses, i.e., clouds)
धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
युक्ताम्endowed/filled (with)
युक्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पूर्वाम्eastern/earlier
पूर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सन्ध्याम्twilight (here: dawn)
सन्ध्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शतक्रतुःŚatakratu (Indra; 'he of a hundred rites')
शतक्रतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोहित-उदम्having red water / red-watered
लोहित-उदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootलोहितोद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भगवान्the blessed/lordly one
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वरुण-आलयम्Varuṇa's abode (the ocean)
वरुण-आलयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरुणालय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
I
Indra (Śatakratu)
V
Varuṇa
V
Varuṇālaya (the ocean/sea)
P
pūrvā sandhyā (eastern twilight/dawn)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a striking natural omen—crimson dawn and reddened waters—to suggest that moral and cosmic disturbances manifest in the world’s appearance. It frames forthcoming events as ethically weighty, implying that actions of gods and kings resonate with ṛta (cosmic order).

Mārkaṇḍeya narrates that Indra observes the eastern twilight filled with red, dense cloud-masses and sees Varuṇa’s oceanic abode with waters appearing red—an atmospheric sign that sets a foreboding tone for what follows.