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Shloka 933

Adhyāya 208: Aṅgirasī-kanyāḥ

Enumeration of Aṅgiras’ daughters and attribute-names

न चैव द्रह्मेद्‌ दद्याच्च सत्यं चैव सदा वदेत्‌ । श्रेष्ठ पुरुष तीन ही पद बताते हैं--किसीसे द्रोह न करे, दान करे और सदा सत्य ही बोले। यह श्रेष्ठ पुरुषोंका सर्वोत्तम व्रत है

na caiva drohamed dadyāc ca satyaṃ caiva sadā vadet | śreṣṭha-puruṣās trīṇi hi padāni vadanti—kasyacid drohaṃ na kuryāt, dānaṃ kuryāt, sadā satyam eva brūyāt; etat śreṣṭha-puruṣāṇāṃ sarvottamaṃ vratam |

นายพรานกล่าวว่า “อย่าทรยศต่อผู้ใด จงให้ทาน และจงกล่าวสัจจะเสมอ. นี่คือสามก้าวที่บัณฑิตผู้ประเสริฐสอน—ไม่คดทรยศ ความเอื้อเฟื้อ และความสัตย์; นี่แลเป็นว्रตสูงสุดของผู้มีเกียรติ.”

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
evaindeed/just
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
drohamtreachery, harm, betrayal
droham:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootdroha
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
dadyātshould give/should do
dadyāt:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
satyamtruth
satyam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsatya
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
evaindeed/only
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
sadāalways
sadā:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā
vadetshould speak
vadet:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootvad
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्याध उवाच

V
Vyadha (the hunter)

Educational Q&A

The verse condenses noble conduct into three ethical commitments: do not betray or harm others through treachery (adroha), practice giving (dāna), and speak truth consistently (satya). Together they are presented as the highest vow of the virtuous.

In the Vyādha episode of the Vana Parva, the hunter—despite his humble occupation—articulates refined dharma. Here he instructs by stating a concise rule of life that defines the conduct of ‘śreṣṭha-puruṣas’ (the noble).