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Shloka 23

धर्मव्याधोपदेशः

Dharma-vyādha’s Instruction on Śiṣṭācāra and Dharma

अथ राजा स्वयमेव तुलामारुरोह । न च व्यलीकमासीदू्‌ राज्ञ एतद्‌ वृत्तान्तं दृष्टवा त्रात इत्युक्त्वा प्रालीयत श्येनो5थ राजा अब्रवीत्‌,तब राजा स्वयं ही तराजूपर चढ़ गये। ऐसा करते समय उनके मनमें क्लेश नहीं हुआ। यह घटना देखकर बाज बोल उठा--'हो गयी कबूतरकी प्राणरक्षा।/ ऐसा कहकर वह वहीं अन्तर्धान हो गया। अब राजा शिबि कबूतरसे बोले--

atha rājā svayam eva tulām āruroha | na ca vyalīkam āsīd rājña etad vṛttāntaṃ dṛṣṭvā trāta ity uktvā prālīyata śyeno 'tha rājā 'bravīt |

แล้วพระราชาทรงก้าวขึ้นไปบนตาชั่งด้วยพระองค์เอง ในการกระทำนั้นมิได้มีเล่ห์กลหรือความลังเลอยู่ในพระทัย ครั้นเหยี่ยวเห็นดังนั้นก็ร้องว่า “ชีวิตนกพิราบรอดแล้ว!” กล่าวจบก็อันตรธานไป ณ ที่นั้น แล้วพระเจ้าศิพีจึงตรัสกับนกพิราบว่า—

अथthen/thereupon
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तुलाम्the balance/scale
तुलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतुला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आरुरोहclimbed/ascended
आरुरोह:
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यलीकम्distress/affliction (lit. discomfort)
व्यलीकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यलीक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वृत्तान्तम्event/account
वृत्तान्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्तान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (sense)
त्रातःsaved/protected
त्रातः:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रा
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada (sense)
प्रालीयतdisappeared/vanished
प्रालीयत:
TypeVerb
Rootली
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
श्येनःthe hawk
श्येनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्येन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

श्येन उवाच

Ś
Śyena (hawk)
R
Rājā (King Śibi, implied by context)
K
Kapota (dove, implied by context)
T
Tulā (weighing scale/balance)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s dharma is tested through impartial compassion and truthfulness: Śibi protects the refugee (the dove) without deceit or hesitation, even at personal cost, showing that ethical duty is fulfilled through sincere self-offering rather than clever evasion.

The king steps onto the weighing scale himself to uphold his promise in the hawk–dove episode. Seeing the king’s genuine, non-deceptive resolve, the hawk declares the dove saved and then disappears; the king then addresses the dove.