Shloka 42

Adhyāya 188: Mārkaṇḍeya’s Account of Yuga-Decline and the Restoration Motif

Kali-yuga to Kalki

Devanagari script

वेगेन महता नावं प्राकर्षललवणाम्भसि । स च तांस्तारयन्‌ नावा समुद्र मनुजेश्वर

Transliteration

vegena mahatā nāvaṁ prākarṣal lavaṇāmbhasi | sa ca tāṁs tārayann nāvā samudraṁ manujeśvara ||

Translation

มารกัณฑेयกล่าวว่า “ด้วยความเร็วอันยิ่งใหญ่ พระองค์ทรงลากเรือไปเหนือสายน้ำเค็ม และโอ้เจ้าแห่งมนุษย์ ด้วยเรือลำนั้นเองพระองค์ทรงพาผู้คนเหล่านั้นข้ามมหาสมุทรไปได้โดยสวัสดิภาพ”

Word by Word

• वेगेन: with speed/impetus
• वेगेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• महता: great, mighty
• महता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• नावम्: boat
• नावम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नौ
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राकर्षत्: pulled/drew (towed)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृष्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• लवणाम्भसि: in the salty water (sea-water)
• लवणाम्भसि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लवण-अम्भस्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तारयन्: ferrying across, causing to cross
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ
• Form: Present active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नावा: by/with the boat
• नावा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नौ
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• समुद्रम्: the sea/ocean
• समुद्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मनुजेश्वरः: lord of men, king
• मनुजेश्वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज-ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• मार्कण्डेय (Mārkaṇḍeya)
• समुद्र (samudra, ocean/sea)
• नौका/नाव (nāva, boat)
• मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara, addressed king)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic leadership: true strength is shown by using power and skill to protect and carry others through danger, not merely to display prowess.

What is happening in the narrative?

Markandeya narrates a dramatic crossing: a boat is driven swiftly over the salt sea, and the leader ferries people across safely, emphasizing rescue and guidance amid peril.